One Community
Food Forest Shrub Plantings
This page is our team’s research into food forest shrub plantings. It includes food forest shrub plant pictures, descriptions, cultural considerations, planting guidelines, and links to additional information. For food forest creation information visit the Food Forest Open Source Hub. The Food Forest Open Source Hub is also where you can find the results of our research into complete purchasing details for all plants listed on this page. These food forest shrub plantings could work elsewhere but were chosen primarily for USDA zone 7a-7b.
This page is divided into the following sections:
- Specific Plants for Each Food Forest Section
- Other Related Pages
- Ways to Contribute to Evolving This
- Food Forest Component Elements Overview and Planting Guidelines
- Food Forest Shrub Planting Specifics
- Plant Providers Resource List (where to buy)
- Summary
- FAQ
CLICK IMAGES FOR PAGES WITH COMPLETE PLANT LISTS FOR THE OTHER SECTIONS
CLICK HERE FOR ALL THE PLANT PURCHASING RESEARCH
OTHER RELATED PAGES (click individual icons for complete pages)
WAYS TO CONTRIBUTE TO EVOLVING THIS SUSTAINABILITY COMPONENT WITH US
SUGGESTIONS | CONSULTING | MEMBERSHIP | OTHER OPTIONS
FOOD FOREST ELEMENTS OVERVIEW
Our complete food forest includes a symbiotic cultivation of the following 8 key areas:
Canopy, Understory, Vines, Shrubs, Herbs, Groundcover, Root Crops, and Edge Plantings.
CLICK IMAGE TO VISIT THE FOOD FOREST OPEN SOURCE HUB WITH MORE INFO
Listed below are descriptions of each of the food forest shrub plants we will be growing. Where genera are listed, it indicates that more than one species of that genus would be useful. Individual species listings indicate that the species in question has attributes of interest that are unique to the species. Those listing with a (†) indicate that these entries may be marginally adaptable onsite, and should therefore be considered experimental.
A NOTE ON PLACEMENT SPECIFICS
Placing individual species in their appropriate locations will need wait until we are on the property. We are saving this decision process until we are onsite because of the complex matrix of plant needs that must take in the specifics of the different areas of the property for maximum benefit. This includes sun and shade requirements, cold hardiness, soil and drainage preferences, ultimate size of the plant, allelopathic considerations, winter shadows, proximity to buildings or other structures, etc. These things combine to make placement a nearly case-by-case decision. In an effort to maximize the stability, beauty, productivity and self replication of the ecosystem we hope to create, we will employ (and open source share) as many of these and other design criteria as possible in the development and placement of all plantings at One Community.
CLICK THIS IMAGE TO LEARN ALL ABOUT FOOD FORESTS ON THE MAIN HUB PAGE
SHRUBS
Shrubs are woody plants with a low branching habit without a dominant trunk. They can be found almost anywhere in a forest system, from the understory to the edge. Shrubby edges can also expand away from the forest and become the canopy for that vegetation type. Examples of this would be a chapparal or maquis type biome. Here is the current list of planned shrub species for the One Community food forest:
Acmadenia
Acmadenia is a genus of 33 species of shrubby perennials in the Rutaceae, native to the Cape region of South Africa. It is a delicate looking shrub with starry pink flowers and a sweet lemony scent when touched. They occur in a vegetation type known as fynbos, unique to South Africa, but somewhat analogous to the chaparral of western North America. The plant produces aromatic oils and is used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Acmadenia in any suitable location.
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Acmadenia grow on alkaline to acid soils, depending on the species
- Plants vary in hardiness, and it is unknown if they can be overwintered at the One Community site
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Adenandra (Buchu)
Adenandra is a genus of 19 species in the Rutaceae, native to South Africa. They are shrubby evergreen perennials from 1 to 3 feet. Their leaves contain glands that produce aromatic oils. The Adenandras, together with the Rutaceous genera Agathosma and Acmadenia, make up the complex of plants known as “buchu” in South Africa. They are used for stomach and urinary troubles, and for their fragrant oils.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Adenandra in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Hardiness may be marginal
- Adenandra can withstand some drought once established
- Individual species may have particular habitat requirements as to soil type or pH
- Individual species may have particular habitat requirements for summer or winter rainfall
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Adenolobus† (Beesklou, Peultjiebos)
Adenolobus is a genus of 5 species of small shrubs in the Fabaceae, native to southern Africa. They grow to approximately 3 – 4.5 feet in height, and bear yellow and orange flowers at the branch tips. Adenolobus occurs along seasonally dry watercourses and in open arid grass lands. The plant is forage for wild animals and livestock, and the roots are used by the Topnaar people as a liver tonic.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Adenolobus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants fix nitrogen, and have a deep root system
- Adenolobus withstand considerable drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Agathosma (Buchu)
Agathosma is a genus of approximately 140 species of woody shrubs in the Rutaceae, native to South Africa. All parts of the plant produce aromatic oils, which are distilled for use as flavoring and fragrance, and also used medicinally as a urinary tract disinfectant, and for stomach problems. The plants are also used externally as a disinfectant on cuts and sores, and Dutch settlers used it to flavor tobacco.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Buchu in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Agathosma need well drained soil
- They may have species-specific requirements as to pH and rainfall regimens
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Occasional irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Amelanchier (Serviceberry)
Amelanchier is a genus of approximately 20 species of deciduous shrubs and trees in the Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The plants range in height from 2 to 50 feet. The fruit is a pome, and ranges from bland to sweet and delicious. They are important wildlife food and are cultivated for their fruits. Recent breeding work has developed improved varieties.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Serviceberry in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They plant is hardy and can withstand some drought once established
- Amelanchier can be grown on most soils provided they are well drained
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Amomyrtus (Luma, Meli)
Amomyrtus is a genus of 2 species in the Myrtaceae native to Chile and Argentina. Shrubs to large trees these plants produce white flowers with exerted stamens and red to black fleshy edible fruits. The plants are self-compatible, and the flowers have a reputation as good bee pasture. The larger species reaches 60 feet in height, and produce very hard dense wood.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Amomyrtus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants occur on moist shaded sites
- The trees need regular moisture throughout the year
- Microclimate selection may be an important design factor
- Mulches should be maintained to prevent the soil from drying out
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Newly transplanted trees should be mulched thoroughly and watered in well. They should receive regular irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Amphipterygium adstringens† (Chuachalalate)
Amphipterygium adstringens is a woody shrub to small tree variously placed in the Julianaceae or Anacardiaceae, native to Mexico. It ranges in height from 15 to 25 feet. The plant is a prized medicinal in Mexican traditional medicine. The bark is used to treat malaria, gastric ulcers, kidney complaints, etc. Indiscriminate bark harvesting kills the slow-growing trees, and the species is now endangered.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Amphipterygium in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plant tolerates a long hot dry season
- It may not be completely hardy at the One Community site and will be considered experimental
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Amphipterygium adstringens
Angelica spp. (“Dang gui”- TCM)
Angelica is a genus of approximately 60 species of biennial and perennial aromatic herbs in the Apiaceae to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The plants grow 3 to 9 feet in height, and bear umbels of flowers above the foliage. These are very attractive to pollinators of many types. The underground parts of many species are used medicinally, and are candied as a treat or used to flavor food and liqueurs.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Angelica in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Some summer moisture is beneficial
- The plants prefer a fertile well drained soil
- Angelica will tolerate some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Aralia (Spikenard)
Aralia is the type genus of the Araliaceae and contains 68 accepted species, native to temperate to subtropical woodlands of North America and Asia. They range from herbaceous plants 1 foot in height to trees to 60 feet. Spikenard have compound leaves clustered at the branch tips and are often armed with spines on the trunks and branches. Fruit is generally a fleshy berry eaten by birds. Many Aralia are used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Aralia in any suitable location.
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Most Aralias form deep root systems
- Aralia plants should be germinated in a nursery
- Most will tolerate some drought once established
- Many species are difficult or erratic to germinate
- The medicinal species should be harvested after two years or more
- Most species prefer partial shade, and soils enriched with organic matter
- Nursery plants should not be held too long in order to avoid becoming pot bound
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Add compost or leaf mold to the planting area, but avoid manure. Water transplants in well and mulch thoroughly. Irrigate at regular intervals until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Arctostaphylos spp. (Manzanita, Bear’s grape, Kinnikinik)
Arctostaphylos is a genus of approximately 60 species of woody perennials in the Ericaceae, native mainly to western North America. They range from creeping mat-forming species, to shrubs to small trees to 20 feet in height. The small berries are edible although somewhat dry. They were an important food source for many California tribes. The leaves are used medicinally to treat urinary infections.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Arctostaphylos in any suitable location
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Mulch is beneficial
- They resent fertilizers
- Manzanitas form mycorrhizal associations
- They dislike summer water, often succumbing to fungal diseases
- Should be planted before the winter rains so they have time to establish themselves
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting. Water in the first season after planting only if plants show signs of drying out.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Aristotelia (Maqui berry)
Aristotelia is a genus of 18 species of perennial evergreen dioecious shrubs and trees in the Elaeocarpaceae, native mainly to Chile and Argentina. They grow to 15 feet with coriaceous leaves and small white unisexual flowers; these are followed by red to blue berries. They are eaten fresh or made into wine, and are high in anthocyanins. Many parts of the plant are used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow maqui berry in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Soils should be neutral to slightly acid
- Plants need full sun, and shelter from cold drying winds
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Aristotelia_(plant)
Aronia spp. (Chokeberry)
Aronia is a genus of 2 or 3 species in the Rosaceae, native to the eastern U.S. and widely naturalized in Europe. They are shrubs 8-10 feet in height, growing under larger forest trees or at forest margins. The fruits are high in sugar, acid (due to the high Vitamin C content) with a level of astringency (due to the high levels of anthocyanins and other antioxidants). Chokeberry has been commercialized in recent years as a health food.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Aronia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Chokeberry grows in full sun to partial shade
- Aronia are not particular about soils or pH
- Plants do best with some summer moisture during the growing season
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Astroloma pallidum (Candle cranberry)
Astroloma is a genus of approximately 20 species variously placed in the Ericaceae or Epacridaceae, native to Australia. A. pallidum is a shrubby evergreen mat-forming perennial to 1.5-2 feet in height. The leathery lanceolate leaves are tipped with spines. The white tubular flowers are followed by small edible green to brown berries, which are said to taste like apples.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Astroloma in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
The seed has a hard seed coat
- Seed germination is slow, taking up to five years
- Smoke pre-treating the seed may help speed germination
- The species is mat-rooted and very difficult to successfully transplant
- Astroloma is very difficult to propagate from cuttings, rooting slowly if at all
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young plants should be planted into well worked soil, taking great care not to disturb the roots. Plants should be mulched and watered in. Infrequent irrigation should continue until the plants show signs of growth and establishment. Mycorrhizal inoculation may be beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Azara spp. (Chin-chin)
Azara is a genus of 13 accepted species variously placed in the Flacourtiaceae or Salicaceae, native to Chile and Argentina. They are shrubs or small trees to 20 feet in height, with glossy alternate leaves and fragrant flowers. The flowers have 4-5 lobed calyces, no petals and numerous exerted stamens; followed by small globose fruits. The fruits are eaten by people and birds, and the plant is used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Azara in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Azara responds well to fertilizer
- The plant grows in many soil types
- Azara grows in full sun to partial shade
- The plant is is near it’s climatic limit at the OC site and is experimental
- Azara likes regular watering but withstands some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue regular irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Buddleja (“Mi meng hua”- TCM)
Buddleja is a genus of approximately 100 species of large woody shrubs or occasionally trees variously placed in the Loganiaceae, Buddlejaceae and now the Scrophulariaceae; native to Africa, Asia and the Americas. They are mainly low branching shrubs to 15 feet, with flowers in panicles or cymes. Flower color varies widely. Many species are used medicinally for wound healing, etc.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Buddleja in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The abundant flowers attract over 100 species of butterflies and insects
- Buddleja are drought tolerant once established, and are not particular as to soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cactaceae (Cactus, Prickly Pear, Cholla)
The Cactaceae is a New World family found in many ecological zones throughout North and South America. While they are generally associated with deserts, species also occur in wet rainforest and cold temperate zones. We will plant species that are winter hardy to our site, mainly of the genera Opuntia, Echinocereus, Escobaria, Cylindropuntia, Coryphantha, Pediocactus, etc.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow cold hardy cactus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- If sufficiently hardy to the site, the plants should be largely care-free
- Cacti need little to no fertilizer, and no supplemental water in most years
PLANTING GUIDELINES
The main planting requirement is excellent drainage. The plants can be planted and left to establish. Supplemental water at two to three week intervals may be given in the warm parts of early summer, but is not necessary. Plants should be planted in a well drained sandy soil. Plants do not need to be watered in.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Calea zacatechichi (Ahuapatli, Bejuco chismuyo, Amula )
Calea zacatechichi is an herbaceous perennial in the Asteraceae, native to Mexico. Calea is a genus of approximately 125 species, native to the Americas. They are small shrubs to 3 feet and have shown a broad range of medicinal activities. C. zacatechichi is used by indigenous peoples in Mexico to stimulate lucid dreaming, and in divination to find lost objects. The active compounds are not known.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Calea zacatechichi in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are adapted to a hot dry season in their native region
- It may not be completely hardy at the One Community site and will be considered experimental
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Deep infrequent irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Calligonum comosum (Abal)
Calligonum is a genus of 80 species in the Polygonaceae, native to the Mediterranean, Asia and North America. They are low branching shrubs, usually not exceeding 3 feet. These plants occur in arid regions throughout much of central Asia, and are important sources of fodder and firewood. The flowers are eaten in soups, the deep tap roots are dug to make charcoal, and the plant has medicinal uses.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Calligonum in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are very drought tolerant
- They have been recommended for desert reclamation
- The deep roots help stabilize sandy and wind blown soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be started indoors and planted out when small, to encourage deep rooting. Mulch is beneficial and some supplemental water for the first year. After establishment the plants are relatively care free.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Ceanothus spp. (California lilac, New Jersey tea)
Ceanothus is a genus of approximately 60 species of shrubby perennials in the Rhamnaceae, native to North America, especially California. They are evergreen to deciduous, with dense clusters of white, blue, or purple flowers, often fragrant. The leaves are important wildlife browse and have been used medicinally. The branches were used in basketry by the Miwok people of California.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Ceanothus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Seeds require scarification
- Plants are very drought tolerant
- May require smoke treatment to germinate
- Seeds are recalcitrant, and require stratification
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Avoid overwatering as plants are subject to root rot if kept too moist.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Celtis (Hackberry)
Celtis is a genus of approximately 70 species of deciduous trees variously placed in the Ulmaceae, Celtidaceae, or Cannabaceae. The plants are native to warm temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with a few found in south Africa and South America. They range in size from 30 to 80 feet in height. The edible fruits are small drupes ¼ to ⦜ inches in diameter, with a dry sugary flesh.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Celtis in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The trees are drought tolerant once established
- They are occasionally subject to fungal diseases
- The larvae of certain Lepidoptera feed on the leaves
- They are important sources of wildlife food, and the flowers are good bee pasture
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cornus (Dogwood)
Cornus is a genus of approximately 60 species of trees and shrubs in the Cornaceae, native to temperate Eurasia and North America. They are generally deciduous trees or shrubs, occasionally evergreen. They produce edible fruits, called cornels, that are cultivated in parts of Europe. They are eaten fresh after ripening off the tree (‘bletting’) or made into preserves or wine.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Cornus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Cornus prefer good drainage
- They are not particular to soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear. Reduce water in the fall.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Corylopsis (Spike winterhazel)
Corylopsis is a genus of 26 accepted species in the Hamamelidaceae, native to China and Japan. They are woody perennial shrubs, 6 to 20 feet in height. The fragrant flowers are in pendant racemes and bloom early in the spring. The species are used medicinally in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Chemical analysis has isolated a number of bioactive compounds with antiviral activity.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Corylopsis in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants need partial shade
- Corylopsis needs good drainage
- Plants prefer neutral to acid soils
- Plants prefer soils rich in organic matter
- Corylopsis needs protection from drying winds
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted in a shaded site in spring. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue regular irrigation until new growth begins.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Corylus (Hazel)
Corylus is a genus of 18 species variously placed in the Betulaceae or Corylaceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere. They are large deciduous shrubs or trees to 120 feet that produce edible nuts (hazel nuts). The shrubby species can be coppiced, producing long flexible shoots that are woven into fencing or baskets. The hazel has been used medicinally by Native Americans.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow hazel in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Corylus like fertile well drained soils
- They form symbiotic association with ascomycetes that produce truffles
- Hazels will grow in shade as understory plants, but growth rates and nut yields are reduced
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appears.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cydonia oblonga (Quince)
Cydonia is a monotypic genus in the Rosaceae, native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia. It is a large deciduous shrub or small tree to 25 feet. The large white to pale pink flowers have fruit, resembling a large yellow apple. The fruit are hard when ripe and must be softened off the tree. They are generally eaten cooked; their aromatic nature adds flavor to other fruits.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow quince in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Some summer irrigation is helpful in dry climates
- They are subject to many of the same pests and diseases
- Trees are cultivated much like apples and pears, to which they are related
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Diplostephium cinereum
Diplostephium is a genus of 117 accepted species in the Asteraceae, native to the Andes from Venezuela to Chile. They are trees and shrubs from 2 to 20 feet in height found in the cloud forest and paramo zones. They are vulnerable to habitat loss. The genus is still not well understood, several scientists are working to better understand these plants. The plants have medicinal uses.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Diplostephium in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants require good drainage
- Plants grow in soils high in organic matter
- Plants probably respond well to light fertilization
- Some species are allelopathic, so placement is important
- The plants grow in moist habitats and may need supplemental irrigation
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue regular irrigation until new growth appears.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Elaeagnus (Silverberry)
Elaeagnus is a genus of approximately 70 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs in the Elaeagnaceae, native to Asia, North America, and Australia. They have small flowers with a 4-lobed calyx and no petals. This is an edible fleshy drupe with a single seed. Several species are cultivated for their fruits, and they are also important wildlife food. Silverberry has medicinal uses as well.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Elaeagnus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They contain high levels of lycopene
- The berries can be eaten fresh or dried
- They leaves are good browse for livestock
- Twigs and branches can be harvested for fuelwood
- The plants are known to fix nitrogen, and are excellent pioneer species
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Empetrum (Crowberry)
Empetrum is a genus of 4 species of mat forming ground covers now included in the Ericaceae. These dwarf evergreen shrubs are native to north temperate to subarctic regions, and also in the southern Andes of South America. The dark purple berries are an important food to people in these regions. The leaves and stems have a history of medicinal use.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow crowberry in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are extremely cold hardy
- They prefer acid soils high in organic matter
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Ephedra spp. (Mormon tea, Teamsters tea, “Ma huang”- TCM)
Ephedra is a genus of approximately 50 species of dioecious gymnosperm shrubs in the Ephedraceae, native to arid regions of the Northern Hemisphere and South America. They are evergreen herbs to 3 feet in height. The fruits are edible although bland, and the seeds are eaten after parching, and roasted as a coffee substitute. The herb is used medicinally to treat asthma and urinary infections.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Ephedra in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are drought tolerant
- If grown for the fruit and seed, male and female plants must be present
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Infrequent deep irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Eriobotrya japonica† (Loquat)
The loquat is a small evergreen tree to 20 feet or smaller in the Rosaceae native to Japan and China. The leaves are shiney, deep green, in whorls at the branch tips. The flowers are also borne in panicles at the ends of the branch tip, and have a fragrant, honey-like aroma. These are followed by the fruit in clusters, yellow to orange, oval, 1-2″ long with one or more seeds. New growth is tomentose.
Loquats have a thin skin covering the orange juicy subacid flesh. Skin can be eaten with the flesh but for commercial processing skins are removed by blanching. Seeds are discarded, as they contain amygdalin, chemically related to cyanide. Fresh loquat undergo a subtle color change when ripe; if picked too soon, fruits are sour. Fruits are eaten fresh, canned or made into jelly.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow loquats in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Flowers are bee pollinated
- Trees bloom in fall, fruits ripen in 90 days
- Trees are hardy to 12F, but fruit is damaged at 25F
- In Taiwan trees are dwarfed to 3′ on quince rootstock
- Spraying blooms with 60ppm gibberellic acid increases fruit set and quality
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Depending on the size received, the plants can either be planted in their permanent location immediately, or grown on to larger size prior to planting.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Eriodictyon californicum (Yerba santa)
Eriodictyon is a genus of nine accepted species in the Hydrophyllaceae, endemic to California, except E. californica which also occurs in Oregon, Nevada, Arizona and Utah. Two species are endangered. The plant is a shrub to 6 feet, with cymes of white to purple flowers in spring. The leaves are coated with an aromatic resin, and the plant is heavily worked by bees. The leaves are used for lung infections.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Eriodictyon in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plant responds well to summer irrigation
- Yerba santa grows in dry Mediterranean climates
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Discontinue all but occasional irrigation once plants are established. Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Deep infrequent irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Fabiana† (Pichi)
Fabiana is a genus of 15 species of evergreen shrubs in the Solanaceae, native to South America. They have tubular flowers at the tips of the foliage, giving them the appearance of heaths. The grow on dry rocky slopes. The foliage produces an aromatic smoke when burned, and is traditionally used as an incense, and in healing ceremonies. Teas of the leaves are used as a diuretic and tonic.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Fabiana in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are drought hardy once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Infrequent deep irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Feijoa sellowiana† (Pineapple guava)
The pineapple guava is a perennial evergreen shrub that grows to 10 feet. They are native to southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and northern Argentina. It has leathery grey-green leaves and flowers with white to pink petals and exerted red stamens. The fruit are 2-3″ long by 1-1.5″ in diameter with green skin and white or translucent flesh. We will grow 12 different varieties of pineapple guava and both the flowers and fruit are edible.
The fruit is green when ripe with a layer of white flesh surrounding the translucent aril. The flesh contains some grit cells similar to a pear and add texture to the jelly-like aril. The flavor is sweet, subacid with notes of pineapple, guava, apple, and pear. The flesh is spooned out of the leathery skin. Fruit have a short shelf life, and should be eaten within a few day of dropping or the flesh will brown and the flavor will deteriorate.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow pineapple guavas in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Trees are drought tolerant once established
- Pineapple guava respond well to organic fertilizers and mulch
- In suitable climates guavas can produce multiple crops per year
- Pineapple guava branch at the base but can be pruned to tree form
- Pineapple guava will tolerate more frost than the true guava (as low as 10 F)
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should be applied until trees shown signs of new growth.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Ficus carica† (Fig)
In accordance with our botanical garden model and our for The Highest Good of All biodiversity goals, One Community will also grow a broad diversity of rare and delicious figs. We are establishing the necessary relationships with the nursery capable of providing these delicious figs for anyone who will want to duplicate our efforts so that more and more people around the world begin to add fig diversity to their own gardens.
The common fig tree is a drought and cold deciduous shrub/small tree. The leaves are large and deeply lobed or serrated. The “fruit” is actually an inside-out flower called a synconium. The flesh can be translucent, white, pale yellow to red or purple, and the tiny edible seeds add to the overall eating experience. Figs must ripen on the tree, and are eaten fresh when available. Surplus crops can also be dried for later use.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow figs in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Fertilize figs lightly if at all
- Trees benefit greatly from mulch
- Figs are drought tolerant once established
- Cuttings are the preferred propagation method
- Figs are ripe when the “neck” softens and fruits droop
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should be applied until trees shown signs of new growth.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Forsythia suspensa (“Lian qiao”- TCM)
Forsythia is a genus of 11 species of deciduous shrubs in the Oleaceae, native from southeastern Europe through Asia. They range from 3 to 15 feet in height. The bright yellow flowers bloom in spring before the foliage appears, making the plant very ornamental. The flowers are followed by a dry capsule, which are used in TCM to treat viral infections, fevers, colds and flu.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Forsythia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Forsythia are drought tolerant once established
- The plants are native to temperate woodlands and are tolerant of most soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Gaultheria spp. (Wintergreen)
Gaultheria is a genus of 180 species in the Ericaceae, native to Asia, the Americas and Australasia. They range from mat-forming perennials to upright shrubs to 10 feet. They are found in soils rich in peat or organic matter, and do best with steady moisture. The berries of some species are flavorful; others are insipid. The leaves are used to make wintergreen tea.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow wintergreen in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Gaultheria does best as understory or edge
- Plants prefer partial shade in hot summer climates
- Soils should be neutral to acid, and high in organic matter
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Haloxylon (Saxaul)
Haloxylon is a genus of 2 species of shrubs or small trees in the Amaranthaceae, native to arid regions of Central Asia; usually occurring on sandy soils. These plants are 3 to 25 feet in height, with leaves reduced to scales. They have thick bark to prevent desiccation, and store water in the bark, which can be squeezed out. The tree has been over harvested in recent years for fuel, and is considered endangered.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Haloxylon in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Saxaul withstands considerable drought
- Once established, the plant is largely care free
- The plants form a deep root system in light soils
- They are sometimes host to a parasitic plant Cistanche deserticola
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Small plants should be planted in deep sandy soil, mulched thoroughly, and watered in well. Infrequent deep irrigations during the first growing season should be sufficient to establish the plants.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Heimia salicifolia (Sinicuiche)
Heimia is a genus of 3 species in the Lythraceae, native from southern Texas to Argentina. They are perennial shrubs to 3 feet in height. The bright yellow flowers give it the common name of “sun opener”. The plant is used medicinally, and a number of unique alkaloids have been identified. There are persistent stories that the plant has psychoactive properties, but this may be based on faulty information.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Heimia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They should be relatively drought tolerant
- The plant needs full sun, and well drained soil
- Heimia grows in areas with a pronounced dry season
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hippophae spp. (Sea Buckthorn)
Hippophae is a genus of 7 species in the Elaeagnaceae, native to Eurasia. They are much-branched shrubs to 20 feet in height. The dioecious plants have grey-green foliage and woody spines along the branches. The brown flowers are wind pollinated, and are followed by orange berries in dense clusters along the branches. The fruit are high in Vitamins C, E, oils, and polyphenols.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow sea buckthorn in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants fix nitrogen and are soil improvers
- They tolerate dry winds, drought, cold, and saline soils
- In the former Soviet bloc countries, many improved varieties have been developed
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Jovellana punctata
Jovellana is a genus of 3 accepted species in the Calceolariaceae, native to Chile and New Zealand. They are evergreen perennial shrubs from 1.5 to 5 feet in height, growing in moist woodland conditions, often along streambanks. The foliage has an aromatic scent, described as “minty-spicy”, and the large sprays of flowers are held above the foliage making an attractive ornamental.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Jovellana in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants like a cool humid location
- Jovellana is intolerant of drought
- The plant does best in a humus-rich soil
- Give fertilization during the growing season
- Plants are propagated from seed or cuttings
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plant out in a shady spot in soils amended with compost. Water in well and mulch thoroughly. Continue irrigation at regular intervals
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lagochilus sp (Turkestan mint)
Lagochilus is a genus of 34 species in the Lamiaceae, native to central Asia. They are subshrubs to 2 feet with white to pink flowers. The herb is used medicinally as a styptic, hypotensive, sedative and adaptogenic. Studies in Russia showed that the plant extract improved resistance to hypothermia in an ice bath test. Turkestan mint’s use as a styptic is due to its Vitamin K content, and tannins.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lagochilus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Good drainage is important
- Turkestan mint requires full sun
- The plant grows on rocky slopes, in poor dry soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Deep irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lampayo officinalis (Lampayo)
Lampayo is a genus of 3 accepted species in the Verbenaceae, native to Chile and Argentina. They are xerophytic shrubs to 3 feet in height with thick grey-green leaves and upright pale lavender tubular flowers enclosed in a prominent calyx. The dried leaves are used to treat digestive and genito-urinary ailments, and the leave are burned and the smoke inhaled as a sedative and anaesthetic.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lampayo in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plant is tolerant of full sun
- Lampayo is extremely drought tolerant
- The plant is propagated from seed or cuttings
- The species is near it’s climatic limit at the OC site and is experimental
- The species occurs at altitudes above 3800 meters (approx 12,000 feet)
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seedlings or rooted cuttings should be planted into fast-draining sandy soil in spring after last frost. Water in when planting and follow with occasional water until the plant is established, after which no further irrigation should be necessary.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Lamapayo-officinalis
Larrea tridentata (Creosote)
Larrea is a genus of 6 species in the Zygophyllaceae, native to arid regions of North and South America. They are branching shrubs to 10 feet in height. These plants are extremely long lived; a clonal colony in the Mojave desert is 11,700 years old. They produce a resin with a distinctive medicinal smell, known as creosote. It has been used as a wood preservative, and is also used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Larrea in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Creosote are deep rooted
- Require little to no supplemental irrigation once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Infrequent deep irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Leuzea carthamoides (Maral root)
Leuzea carthamoides is a herbaceous perennial plant in the Asteraceae, native to central Asia. The species was formerly known as Rhaponticum carthamoides. The plant reaches 4 feet in height, and has purple thistle-like flowers at the ends of the upright stems. The roots are used medicinally throughout the plants range as a general tonic and immune booster, similar to the use of Panax ginseng in China.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Leuzea in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants grow in deep, well drained soils in full sun
- They benefit from some supplemental water in summer
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Plants should be kept moist until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Rhaponticum carthamoides
Lindera (Spicebush)
Lindera is a genus of approximately 100 species in the Lauraceae, largely native to Asia but with three species in North America. They are dioecious evergreen or deciduous trees and shrubs. The fruit are drupes, often fleshy, containing a single seed. Many species are aromatic, and have been used as spices. Many of the species of Lindera are used medicinally and many active compounds are known.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lindera in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Lindera are moisture loving trees
- They usually grow under light shade
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Luma (Kelumamull, Chequen, Arrayan)
Luma is a genus of 2 species in the Myrtaceae, native to temperate forests in southern Chile. The slow-growing evergreen shrubs or trees, 20 to 40 feet can live for centuries. They are valued for their edible fruit and aromatic leaves. The abundant flowers make good bee pasture, the hard dense wood make a hot-burning fuel, and the plant is used medicinally by the Mapuche people.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Luma in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The trees do best in a moist maritime climate
- In cases where hot dry summers occur, irrigation would be beneficial
- Extra care in the start will speed the establishment and early growth of the tree
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lycium spp. (Goji Berry)
Lycium is a genus of approximately 70 species of shrubs in the Solanaceae, mainly found in drier parts of North and South America, southern Africa, and Asia. They are shrubs from 3 to 10 feet, with thick leaves adapted to store moisture. The plants are often thorny; L. ferocissimum is grown around villages in Africa to repel lions. The fruits are high in carotenoids, and the young leaves are edible.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lycium in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Lycium are cold and drought tolerant
- Once established, they need little care
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Medicago (Alfalfa)
Medicago is a genus of 83 species of creeping herbs to small shrubs in the Fabaceae. They are mainly native to arid regions of western and central Asia. The genus is best known for the species Medicago sativa (alfalfa) which is widely grown as a forage for livestock. The sprouted seeds are also eaten by humans, but should be cooked first to neutralize the canavanine, a toxic amino acid.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Medicago in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants send down root systems to 50 feet deep
- They are good nutrient cyclers and very drought tolerant
- A stand of alfalfa can be cut for forage several times a year
- A stand of alfalfa make a good source of compost material
- They are autotoxic; their seeds do not germinate well where alfalfa is growing
- Alfalfa fixes nitrogen and makes a good pioneer species for infertile or nutrient depleted soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Alfalfa is generally direct seeded where they are to stand.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Morus spp. (Mulberry)
Morus is a genus of 10-16 species of deciduous trees in the Moraceae, native to the warm temperate and subtropical regions of the Old World. It was much used in folk medicine, especially in the treatment of ringworm. They have been cultivated for centuries for their fruit and for the leaves which are fed to silkworms. Trees are 15-30 feet tall, and bear compound fruits resembling blackberries which are white, red,or purple-black.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow mulberries in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Trees are fairly drought tolerant once established
- Seedling trees are generally produced for silkworm production
- The pruned branches are flexible, and are often used in basketry
- Mulberries are high in anthocyanins which have antioxidant properties
- Mulberries can be grown from seed, grafts or large cuttings, which root easily
- If grown for fruit, multiple leaders are recommended and planting known varieties is preferred
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees are best planted when dormant, near the end of winter. They should be mulched and watered in well. With the onset of spring and bud break, regular cultural practices can begin.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Mulinum spinosum (Neneo)
Mulinum spinosum belongs to a genus of 13 accepted species in the Apiaceae, native to southern South America. It is a rounded subshrub to 4 feet in height with tripart leaves and umbels of yellow flowers. The entire plant has a strong aroma, which is imparted into the flesh of livestock which graze on it. The species is an important medicinal plant in Chile, used to treat infections of the urinary tract.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Mulinum in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Mulinum is propagated from seed
- The plant grows in full sun to partial shade
- Neneo occurs at altitudes of 7000 feet or more
- The plant will tolerate prolonged drought once established
- Livestock will preferentially graze seed heads, preventing regeneration
- The species will be hardy at the One Community property and will stand -20C
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seedlings should be planted out in a sunny well drained site in spring after the last frost. Plants should be watered in well and mulched. It may be beneficial to inoculate the plants with mycorrhizae in the nursery. Once established the plants should require little care except the exclusion of grazing livestock.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Myrica spp. (Bayberry, Sweet gale, Wax myrtle)
Myrica is a genus of 21 accepted species in the Myricaceae, native to Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. They are mainly dioecious evergreen or deciduous shrubs to small trees with simple leaves having crinkled or dentate margins. The flowers are catkins, followed by drupaceous fruits with a waxy coating. The wax has been used to make candles, and the fruits of some species are eaten.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Myrica in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Myrica are important wildlife food
- Myrica is a non-legume nitrogen fixer
- Myrica grows in acid to slightly alkaline soil
- Myrica are good pioneer species for difficult sites
- The plants can stand some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted after last frost, mulched thoroughly and watered in well. Inoculation with Rhizobium will help the plants establish. Regular irrigation for the first few years will also speed establishment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Nitraria spp.
Nitraria is a genus of 9 species in the Nitrariaceae, native to arid zones of the Old World and Australia. They are woody shrubs generally 4-6 feet in height. They are salt tolerant, withstand high heat and subzero winters, being found in Mongolia. The plants produce abundant crops of edible fruits; where the plant grows on salty soils, the salts accumulate into the fruit which are said to produce a taste like salty grapes.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Nitraria in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Once the plants have established, they are practically carefree
- Plants are extremely tolerant of poor soils, heat, drought, and cold
- Will benefit from mulch and supplemental irrigation the first few years after planting
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Nitraria seeds can be difficult to germinate. In their native regions they will lie dormant for years until favorable conditions for germination and establishment occur. Seeds of an Australian species, N. billardierei, are dispersed by emus, and it is said that they will not germinate without passing through the animal. Suitable germination protocols will have to be worked out for these species.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Nylandtia spinosa (Skilpadbessie, Tortoise berry)
Nylandtia is a genus of 2 accepted species in the Polygalaceae, native to Africa. The plant is a much-branched shrub to 3 feet in height. Tortoise berry is an abundant producer of pale pink to purple flowers, followed by red fleshy fruit which are eaten by tortoises, birds and people. The fruits are high in vitamin C and are said to be thirst quenching, and the plant is an important local medicine.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Nylandtia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants need well drained soil
- The plants tolerate drought once established
- Occasional tip pruning encourages bushy growth
- Nylandtia tolerates poor soil but responds to fertilizer
- Plants are grown from seed; germination in 2-3 weeks
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young plants can be planted out in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Give some winter protection for the first few winter to help establishment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Opopanax (Rough parsnip)
Opopanax is a genus of 3 species of large perennial herbs in the Apiaceae, native to the Mediterranean and Middle East. They grow to 3 feet in height, with umbels of yellow flowers above the foliage. The aromatic resin produced by wounding the base of the plant has been used as a food flavoring, as incense and in perfume, and medicinally to treat infections, asthma, spasms, and as a mild sedative.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Opopanax in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants withstand drought once established
- Mulch is beneficial and occasional summer water
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Persoonia spp. (Geebung)
Persoonia is a genus of 9 accepted species in the Proteaceae, native to Australia. They are woody evergreen perennial shrubs 6 to 20 feet in height. The fibrous fruits of P. levis are said to taste like cantaloupe; they are chewed and the seed and fiber discarded. Some species of Persoonia are endangered as their seeds are not germinating to replace themselves. The plants have medicinal uses.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Persoonia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Seed must be sown when fresh
- Seed should be sown on the surface
- Seed must be chipped open before sowing
- Gibberellic acid improves germination rates
- Mulch is important to control weed competition
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Small plants can be planted in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in. Allow the soil to become nearly dry between waterings, as the plants are susceptible to Phytophora root rot. Do not give any phosphorus-containing fertilizer, as these are generally fatal to Proteaceae.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Phymaspermum acerosum (Geelblombos)
Phymaspermum is a genus of 20 accepted species in the Asteraceae, native to southern Africa. They are shrubs, branching at the base, to 6 feet in height with yellow flowers at the apex of the stems. The plant is attractive to many insect species, which support birds. Phymaspermum is a pioneer plant, invading overgrazed grassland. The plant is used as a charm to ward off lightning.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Phymaspermum in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Geelblombos requires full sun
- Plants are started from seed or cuttings
- Phymaspermum grows in most soil types
- Plants withstand drought once established
- The plant can be cut back hard, providing biomass
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants can be planted out after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue occasional irrigation until new growth commences.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Prinsepia (Cherry Prinsepia)
Prinsepia is a genus of 4 species in the Rosaceae, native to Asia. They are deciduous shrubs 8-10 feet in height, with alternate leaves with a thorn at the base of the leaf petiole. They produce a tart, orange to purple, cherry-sized fruit that is high in Vitamin C. Plants should probably be grown in groups to aid in pollination. The plants are hardy and appear to able to withstand considerable drought.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Prinsepia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Prinsepia are drought tolerant
- They have few pests or diseases
- They should be planted in a sunny location
- Plants are not particular to soil type long as they are well drained
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear. Once established, Prinsepia is largely care free.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Punica granatum (Pomegranate)
The pomegranate is a shrub or small tree in the Punicaceae native to the warmer regions of Western Asia. These trees have simple leaves and red orange flowers and provide fruit that are 4-6 inches in diameter with a leathery rind. There are soft seeded and hard-seeds varieties of pomegranates, the former being preferred for fresh eating, the latter for juicing. We will grow both.
The fruit of the pomegranate contains many small seeds, each encased in a juicy aril. In soft-seeded varieties, the aril and seeds are eaten together, and constitute the edible portion. In hard-seeded varieties, the arils are usually crushed for the sweet-tart juice and the seeds discarded. Seeds of both types yield a valuable oil, used for cosmetics. The rinds are used medicinally, and to tan leather.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow pomegranates in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Pomegranates benefit greatly from mulch
- Pomegranates have few insect pests or diseases
- They stand considerable drought once established
- Plants are perfect-flowered but cross pollination increases yields
- The hardiness of pomegranates seems to vary depending with the clone
PLANTING GUIDELINES
We will receive these pomegranates as small rooted cuttings. They can be planted immediately into their permanent location.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Rhagodia baccata (Berry saltbush)
Rhagodia baccata is a spreading evergreen shrub to 6 feet in height. It is one of ten accepted species of Rhagodia in the Chenopodiaceae, native to Australia. The berry saltbush is often found in dunes near the ocean or near inland salt pans in western Australia. The cooked leaves are said to be succulent and tender. The abundant red berries are also eaten but can sometimes be bitter.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Rhagodia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants grow in full sun to partial shade
- The plants prefer sandy well-drained soils
- Rhagodia tolerates alkaline and saline soils
- Rhagodia is propagated from seed or cuttings
- The plant produces ecdysteroids that act as insect antifeedants
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seedlings or rooted cutting can be planted out at the beginning of the growing season, mulched thoroughly, and watered in well. Infrequent irrigation in the first season should be all the care required.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au – Rhagodia_baccata
Rhaphithamnus spinosus (Repu)
Rhaphithamnus is a genus of 2 accepted species of woody shrubs in the Verbenaceae, native to Chile and nearby islands. R. spinosum is much branched spiny evergreen shrub to 10 feet in height, with tubular purple flowers followed by edible purple berries. The green foliage turns pale purple in the winter, making it a striking ornamental. The species also has a history of medicinal use.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Raphithamnus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants require good drainage
- The species is hardy to -10C/14F
- Mycorrhizal inoculation may be beneficial
- Provide regular irrigation but do not overwater
- The plant grows in acid to slightly alkaline soils
- Some plants exhibit sudden dieback after several years
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be grown to 5 gal. size and planted out in spring after the last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Maintain supplemental irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Ribes spp. (Currant, Gooseberry, Jostaberry)
Ribes is a genus of approximately 150 species variously placed in the Grossulariaceae or Saxifragaceae, native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It is a deciduous woody perennial shrub 8-10 feet in height with fruit born in pendant strings in currants or singly along the branches in the larger-fruited gooseberries. Jostaberry is a hybrid of currant and gooseberry.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Ribes in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Ribes often perform better in hot climates
- Ribes respond well to mulch and organic matter
- Ribes will grow and produce fruit in partial shade
- In colder climates full sun may be a better location
- To encourage fruit production, canes older than three years should be removed
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Rubus spp. (Blackberry, Raspberry)
Rubus is a large genus of 450 accepted species in the rose family, Rosaceae, native to boreal, temperate to subtropical regions worldwide. They range from creeping ground covers to large upright shrubs composed of many canes which are usually armed with thorns or prickles. The “berry” is actually an aggregate fruit formed from many separate druplets.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Rubus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They respond well to mulch, and organic fertilizers
- If cultivated for fruit, older canes should be removed
- Rubus like partial shade to full sun and prefer moist soils
- The plants are subject to some pests and fungal diseases
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Salvia sp. (Sage)
Salvia is a genus of approximately 900 species of herbs or woody shrubs in the Lamiaceae, native to the Old World and the Americas. They are annuals, biennials or perennials. The plants have oil glands that release volatile oils, giving them a strong aroma that varies among the species. Because of these oils, the plants are used in cooking, as companion plants to repel insects, and medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow salvia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Some salvia are quite drought tolerant
- Cultural requirements vary somewhat among the species
- Salvias generally prefer a sunny position and well drained soil
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Shepherdia argentea (Silver buffaloberry)
Shepherdia is a genus of 3 accepted species in the Elaeagnaceae, native to western North America. Silver buffaloberry is a deciduous shrub to 20 feet in height. The leaves are covered in fine silvery hairs and the yellow flowers are followed by red edible berries. These are tart and somewhat astringent and are used like cranberries. The plant is also used medicinally to treat stomach ailments.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Shepherdia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are drought tolerant
- Shepherdia is important wildlife food
- Shepherdia are non-legume nitrogen fixers
- The plants are propagated by seed, cutting and grafts
- Shepherdia will be hardy at the One Community property
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seedlings or rooted cuttings may be planted out in spring after last frost. Plants should be mulched and watered in well. Inoculation with Rhizobium is important.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Sorbus (Rowan, Service Tree)
Sorbus is a genus of approximately 200 species in the Rosaceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere. They are deciduous shrubs or trees to 40 feet. The yellow-white blossoms produce abundant nectar from the red-orange fleshy fruits. These are important food for wildlife, people and the leaves and twigs are browse for many animals. The plant coppices well and makes a good pioneer.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Sorbus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plant has few pests or serious diseases
- The roots are deep and wide, making the plant a valuable nutrient cycler
- Although Sorbus will grow in shade, it fruits better at the edge of forest clearings
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Ugni (Ugni, Strawberry Myrtle)
Ugni is a genus of 10 species in the Myrtaceae, native from Mexico to Chile. They are evergreen shrubs from 3 to 15 feet in height. The leaves are aromatic, and the fruits are said to taste like strawberries, so much so that commercial “strawberry flavoring” is sometimes actually made from Ugni. The Mapuche people of southern Chile used the plant medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Ugni in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Ugni like moisture
- The plants can grow in partial shade to full sun
- Established plants can withstand a dry season if the soil is well mulched
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Vaccinium spp. (Blueberry, Cranberry, Lingonberry)
Vaccinium is a genus of approximately 450 species in the Ericaceae, native mainly to the cooler areas of the Northern hemisphere. This plant ranges in habit from creeping ground covers to upright shrubs to 6 feet. They are usually found in acid soils, such as peat bogs, or as an understory plant under pines and oaks, whose leaf litter creates an acid mulch. The fruit is a red to blue edible berry.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow blueberries in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Vaccinium can be planted in partial shade to full sun
- Plants should be placed in a soil high in organic matter
- The soil should be prepared with pine needles, peat moss or other acid material
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Vitex spp. (Chaste tree)
Vitex is a genus of approximately 24 species of shrubs and small trees formerly in the Verbenaceae, but now transferred to the Lamiaceae. They are cultivated as ornamentals due to their display of flowers in spring, and some provide valuable timber, particularly the African species. Many are used medicinally, and some of the African species produce edible fruits, known as “chocolate berries”.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Vitex in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Most plants withstand some drought
- Vitex species occur from temperate to tropical conditions in a wide range of habitats
- We will develop cultural data on a species-by-species case as they are introduced to our site
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Xanthoceras sorbifolium (Yellowhorn)
Xanthoceras is a monotypic genus in the Sapindaceae, an important food resource in native to northern China and Mongolia. Its a large shrub or small tree to 25 feet in height. Yellowhorn has compound pinnate leaves and panicles of white flowers, with leathery three-valved dehiscent capsule containing 6-18 seeds that like leaves and flowers are edible.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Xanthoceras in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Xanthoceras is deep rooted and withstands cold, drought, alkaline and saline soils
- It’s partially or completely self-sterile; two different trees are required for fruit set
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should be applied until trees shown signs of new growth.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Exocarpos cupressiformis (Cherry ballart)
Exocarpos is a genus of 27 accepted species in the Santalaceae, native to S.E Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. They are hemiparasitic on the roots of other trees. E. cupressiformis is an evergreen shrub or small tree to 25 feet. The edible “fruit” is actually a swollen stem called a pedicel, which is attached to the real fruit (a nut). The tree produces a figured wood used for furniture and turnery.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Exocarpus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Trees grow in full sun to partial shade
- Acid scarification may assist germination
- The plants need a host tree or shrub to parasitise
- Seeds germinate best after passing through a bird
- Exocarpos are grown from seed which must be fresh
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young plants should be planted after last frost. Plant near an existing tree or shrub to act as host. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue watering at intervals, taking care to let the soil dry out somewhat between watering.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Exocarpus_cupressiformis
Zizyphus spp. (Jujube)
Zizyphus is a genus of approximately 40 species of spiny shrubs and small trees in the Rhamnaceae, native to warm-temperate to subtropical regions worldwide. They are deciduous or evergreen with small yellow green flowers and fleshy edible drupes, that are high in sugar. These can be eaten fresh or are commonly dried. The fruit and leaves have medicinal properties.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow jujube in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Jujubes prefer good drainage
- They grow in a wide range of soils and pH
- They respond well to application of organic matter and summer irrigation
- They are drought tolerant, but may drop leaves and fruit under excessive stress
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
CLICK IMAGES FOR PAGES WITH COMPLETE PLANT LISTS FOR THE OTHER SECTIONS
WHERE TO PURCHASE ALL PLANTS
Here are the results of our research for purchasing all food forest and outdoor plants. Unlike everything we will be growing in the aquapini and walipini structures and large-scale garden, we did not price out each individual plant listed here because we wish to wait for the specific planting plan that will be developed throughout the first year of the living on the property; a planting plan that may evolve this list significantly. We did, however, complete sufficient research so that anyone wishing to purchase any of the plants currently listed above will can do so.
We use the following key for all of the plant providers listed below. To jump directly to what you seek, use your browser’s Find Function and remember to put the parenthesis around the letter code for the category you are looking for. Here are the abbreviations with short descriptions of all the categories you will find:
(A) = APPLES
Apples will be an important component of One Community’s Food Forest. We will work to achieve maximum diversity of this important fruit. Any provider listed with an “(A)” is a good source to support anyone interested in growing a diversity of apples.
(B) = BIODIVERISTY
Websites listed with “(B)” are sources of plants that are of interest to our open source Botanical Garden model and the preservation of biodiversity. Look to these sources if you are interested in the preservation of biodiversity too.
(Bb) = BAMBOO
Bamboo has a broad diversity of uses. Any providers listed with a “(Bb)” offer bamboo plants.
(G) = GARLIC
Garlic is food, medicine, flavoring…an essential plant to any community. Mmmm…garlic!
(M) = MEDICINAL
Websites listed with “(M)” are sources of plant with a history of medicinal use.
(O) = ORCHARD
“(O)” providers are website sources of fruits that will be cultivated in mixed polyculture orchards at One Community.
(Tp) = TROPICALS
Providers listed with a “(TP)” provide plants that, in our case, will be limited to the Aquapini/Walapini/Zenapini structures. They may be fruit, medicinal, culinary, etc.
(Tr) – TREES
“(Tr)” providers supply trees for Community forest plantings.
(V) = VEGETABLES
Providers listed with a “(V)” are sites and sources of seeds and plants that will be grown in the community’s food gardens.
(W) = WILD FOODS
Providers listed with a “(W)” are website sources of plant that will be components of Zone 3 and beyond; food plant that do not require much tending or cultivation.
PLANT PROVIDERS
www.sacredsucculents.com (B) (G) (M) (Tr) (V) (W)
Ben Kamm’s collection of useful species includes much more than succulent genera, including California natives, Chilean species, wild food plants, and many little-known or hard to find medicinal plants. Many offerings are available nowhere else. Most have provenance data, describing where they were collected, ecotype, uses, etc. An excellent resource. Limited volume, most propagules are sold out early in the season.
www.centuryfarmorchards.com (A) (O)
Century Farm Orchards is a small commercial nursery dedicated to preserving and disseminating the apple collection of Lee Calhoun, who spent decades locating old apples of the American South. They are the only commercial source for many of these varieties. Not all varieties are propagated for sale every year, so it is advisable to contact them to place orders early. Their web site has excellent descriptions of these apples, their origins, flavors, keeping qualities etc.
www.ars.usda.gov (A) (O)
The National Agricultural Research Service is a department of the USDA. The center at Geneva, New York is associated with Cornell University, and is the repository of the nations collections of apple, grape, and tart cherry varieties. Nearly 7000 apples are maintained here, and are used in breeding programs. Small amounts of dormant budwood are available for many varieties. An important global resource.
www.tropicalfruitforum.com (M) (Tp)
This chat board is one of the best resources for anyone interested in growing tropical or subtropical fruit. Its worldwide membership includes plant breeders, backyard growers, commercial orchardists etc. They have an exchange page where members can buy, sell and trade from their collections. There are many varieties and species held among the membership that are not available from commercial sources.
www.colecionandofrutas.org (M) (Tp)
This is the website of Helton Josue, a Brazilian scientist whose passion for preserving the wild food plants of his region of Brazil has led him to collect and share a wide range of species that are unavailable elsewhere, several are species new to science and have not been formally described. He makes small lots of seed available as they ripen.
www.ecoseeds.com (M) (V) (W)
This is the website of the Redwood City Seed Company, one of the original heirloom seed sellers. Since 1972 Craig and Sue Dremenn have introduced hundreds of valuable varieties of garden vegetables to American gardeners.
www.jlhudsonseeds.net (B) (M) (Tr) (W)
Founded in 1911, J.L. Hudson, Seedsman has for over the last 30 years been operated by David Theodoropolos and Sherri Calkins who are committed to the motto “Preservation through dissemination” Their catalog is always a fascinating read, describing the history, biology, ethnobotany, chemistry etc. for many of the hundreds of species offered. A pioneering company, worthy of support.
www.4everseeds.com (M) (V) (W)
Source of heirloom seeds, wild food seeds, and dye plant seeds. They also market a hand operated oilseed press.
Offers over 600 varieties of heirloom tomatoes.
www.seedsavers.org (M) (V) (W)
Founded in 1975 by Kent Whealy and his family to share some of his own family’s heirloom garden seeds, SSE has grown into the largest grassroots seed preservation organization in the country. Access is by membership. They maintain a demonstration farm in Decorah Iowa and in addition to several thousand varieties of vegetables, they also have a Heritage Orchard of some 400 regional apple varieties, and 360 varieties of grape varieties from the famous grape breeder Elmer Swenson.
www.sandhillpreservation.com (V)
A real family farm, the Sandhill Preservation Center maintains hundreds of vegetable and grain varieties, as well as poultry breeds. They also have an extensive collection of sweet potato varieties and will share their techniques for successfully growing them in colder northern climates.
www.oikostreecrops.com (Tr) (W)
Sells seedlings of many temperate zone food forest species. has a particularly good selection of oaks, both timber and acorn types.
www.lawyernursery.com (M) (Tr) (W)
Wholesale nursery offering tree and shrubs seedlings and bulk seed of many common species to forestry projects and revegetation projects. Also fruit tree rootstocks in bulk and at good prices.
www.ediblelandscaping.com (M) (O) (Tr) (V) (W)
Good varietal selection of many standard and unusual food perennials.
www.bonitafruittrees.com (O) (Tp)
Extensive collection of subtropical and deciduous fruit trees.
www.rollingrivernursery.com (O) (Tr)
Fruit and nut tree nursery.
Main producer of avocado, citrus and subtropical fruit trees for commercial California groves.
Source of many rare tropical fruit tree species. Based in Hawaii but ships in bulk to Excalibur Nursery in Florida.
www.dnagardens.com (V) (W)
Canadian nursery that is the licensed propagator for the new “Ben” series of black currants.
Canadian vegetable seed supplier.
Nursery specializing in the production of trees inoculated with the endomycorrhizal fungi producing black and white truffles. The mycelia web in forest ecosystems is an important design element in evolving a food forest, as many tree species are benefitted by mycorrhizal association with certain fungal symbionts.
www.filareefarm.com (G) (V)
Seed garlic and potatoes.
www.hoodrivergarlic.com & www.thegarlicstore.com & www.greenmountaingarlic.com (G)
Seed garlic providers.
www.garlicfarm.ca & www.rasacreekfarm.com & www.snoetic.ca (G)
Canadian source of seed garlic.
www.richters.com (M) (V)
Canadian company offering medicinal plants and culinary herbs, either live plants or seeds. An excellent resource for the herb garden.
www.companionplants.com (M) (W)
Herbs, medicinals, culinary and dye plants and seeds.
www.yerbabuenanursery.com (B) (M) (W)
A significant percent of California native plants were used medicinally and this provider specializes in them and supplies information on traditional medicinal usage.
Nursery supplying ginseng rootlets for planting as well as bloodroot.
www.rareplantnursery.net (M) (V)
Herb and garden plant nursery. A few vegetable and fruit plants as well.
www.healingspiritplants.com (M)
California-based collection of medicinal plants. They list many rare species not widely available.
Florida-based nursery offering many uncommon subtropical herbs.
www.plantdelights.com (M) (W)
Texas nursery offering a wide variety of unusual plants including medicinal, food, bee pasture etc.
www.arneherbs.co.uk (M) (W)
UK source for over 900 herbs and wildflowers. Unknown if they ship outside the UK.
Massachusetts nursery dedicated to the reservation of at-risk medicinal plants.
Oregon nursery with a range of culinary and medicinal herbs.
www.mountaingardensherbs.com (M) (W)
Herbalists that offer workshops in Chinese herb cultivation, harvesting, processing and use. Grow a wide range of TCM herbs offered as seed and plants. Have a number of herbs unavailable elsewhere in North America.Also offers wild food plant of both the eastern U.S and a collection od ‘sansai’ – traditional wild mountain vegetables of Japan.
www.blackfootnativeplants.com (M) (W)
Montana nursery specializing in plants native to the bioregion including wild food and medicinal species.
www.silverhillseeds.co.za (B) (M) (W)
Seed company in South Africa offering a wide range of S.A natives including wild food and medicinal species. Seed is mainly collected from wild stands. Valuable source of some species unavailable outside Africa.
www.hawaiiantropicalplants.com (M) (Tp)
This Hawaiian nursery has some rare tropical medicinals, including yoco and cultivars of kava.
www.treefrogfarm.com (M) (W)
Pacific Northwest natives nursery including medicinal and wild food species.
www.horizonherbs.com (M) (W)
Since 1985 Richo Cech and his family have been collection growing and using plants on their Oregon farm. They offer a wide range of vegetable, culinary and medicinal seeds, roots and tubers.
www.heritageflowerfarm.com (B) (M)
Wide range of perennials, some with medicinal properties although this may not be noted on the website.
www.forestfarm.com (M) (Tr) (W)
Large wholesale nursery of tree shrub and fruit tree stock.
www.rareplantresearch.com (B) (M) (W)
Offering a selection of mostly tender arid-zone species with a particularly good collection of Burseraceae.
www.richardlyonsnursery.com (Tp)
Nursery offering mainly subtropical and tropical trees and shrubs including some rarities.
www.msknursery.com (B) (M) (Tr) (W)
Wide selection of trees shrubs and perennial including some rarities.
www.nolinnursery.com (O) (Tr)
Nut trees, persimmons, and pawpaws.
www.wagonwheelorchard.com (A) (O)
Offering over 1,000 apple varieties as benchgrafts.
www.justfruitsandexotics.com (O) (W)
Good varietal selection of many unusual fruits.
www.kuffelcreek.com (A) (O)
California nursery offering low-chill apple varieties for mild winter climates.
www.sunscapes.net (B) (M) (W)
Colorado nursery offering mostly drought tolerant perennials.
Baker Creek Seeds is an heirloom vegetable seed company offering a wide range of varieties.
California heirloom seed company offering organic seed for over 1600 varieties of vegetable,grain, herb and cover crop seed.
Heirloom vegetable, herb, grain seeds.
www.seedsofchange.com (M) (V)
Offering vegetable, herb and flower seed.
Maine company offering short-season and greenhouse adapted vegetable seed and berry plants. www.kitazawaseed.com (V)
Seed company offering a wide range of Asian vegetables, especially leafy greens. Lists species that are difficult to find elsewhere; pickling melon, water pepper, perilla, water dropwort, etc.
www.vermontbean.com (V) (G)
Seed company offering heirloom and open-pollinated vegetable seed, garlic and berry plants.
www.noursefarms.com (V) (O)
Since 1932, Nourse farms has been a supplier of cane berry, strawberry, rhubarb and asparagus plants.
www.agroforestry.co.uk (M) (W)
UK based company offering an extensive range of edible and medicinal temperate trees shrubs and perennials.
www.badgersett.com (Tr) (W)
Minnesota nursery and private research organization developing nut trees. Offering chestnuts hazels, hickories and pecans. Bred especially to withstand colder climates.
www.csr-inc.com (M) (W)
Conservation Seeding and Restoration Inc. is a seed company and nursery offering seed mixes and native plant revegetation services for the mountain west. Their species list includes wild food plants and medicinal species.
www.permaculturenursery.com (M) (W)
Offering some unusual edible perennials, including Phaseolus polystachyos, a perennial bean species.
www.onegreenworld.com (M) (O) (W)
Wide selection of edible species for temperate climates.
Gary Nabham’s pioneering organization dedicated to preserving the food plants of Native American cultures in the Sonoran Desert region.
Fruit tree nursery specializing in heirloom fruit varieties.
www.tierramadrefarm.com (A) (O)
Offers a wide range of temperate fruit trees. Has a particularly nice collection of of European pear varieties.
www.oldvaapples.com (A) (O)
Fruit tree nursery with a focus on the heritage apples of Virginia. Many unique varieties.
www.arboreumco.com (A) (O)
California nursery offering many rare and heirloom fruit varieties. One of the only sources of improved cultivars of tecojote (Crataegus mexicana).
Located in Puerto Rico, Montoso Gardens supplies many rare tropical fruit trees and seeds from their collection.
www.organicfarm.net (Tp)
Also in Puerto Rico, Sadhu Govardhan has an extensive collection of tropical fruit and food trees. He sell seeds and plants.
One of the largest collection of banana varieties available for sale. Rooted corms or tissue culture.
www.floridahillnursery.com (M) (Tp)
Located in Orlando Florida, they have an extensive collection of banana and pineapple varieties reproduced via tissue culture. Also other tropical ornamentals and gingers.
www.excaliburfruittrees.com (Tp)
Florida nursery offering a wide selection of tropical and subtropical fruiting plants. Has a good selection of jackfruit varieties.
www.desertsurvivors.org (M) (W)
Southern Arizona native plant nursery. Lists some rare desert edible and medicinal species.
Medicinal herb nursery.
www.australianplants.com (Bb) (W)
Located in Southern California, they offer a range of hard-to-find Australian and South African species for xeriscaping and mediterranean gardens.
www.bamboogarden.com (Bb) (W)
Oregon nursery specializing in bamboo.
www.bamboodirect.com (Bb) (W)
Oregon nursery specializing in bamboo.
www.bamboosourcery.com (Bb) (W)
California nursery specializing in bamboo.
www.walkeravenuenursery.com (Bb) (M) (W)
California nursery specializing in aquatic and bog plants including many edible and medicinal species.
www.raintreenursery.com (Bb) (M) (Tr) (V)
Located in Morton Washington, they offer fruit trees, nut trees, berries, vines, citrus, subtropicals, rootstocks, mushrooms and ornamentals.www.burntridgenursery.com (Bb) (Tr)
Located in the foothills of the Cascade mountains. Specialize in unusual and disease resistant trees, vines, and shrubs that produce edible nuts or fruits. Has Northwest native plants and ornamental and useful landscape trees.
SUMMARY
Through applied permaculture principles and proper stewardship it is possible to turn almost any piece of land into an abundant and thriving forest of food. As part of One Community’s Highest Good of All philosophy, and open source botanical garden model, we will be open source sharing our afforestation/reforestation experience as we create our food forest on the One Community property. This process will continue indefinitely and we will keep on-going records of this transformation through detailed notes and time-lapse videos (covering years of development) that we will add to this page as they are completed.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Q: How do you intend to evolve this page?
Part of One Community’s Highest Good of All philosophy is open source sharing the complete details of what is possible with a food forest. Through our open source botanical garden model we will accession all plants on the property and entering the property and then keep detailed records of:
- Planting guidelines for each plant
- Cultural considerations for each plant
- Which plants do best in each of the different zones
- Harvest numbers and details on how to improve harvest volume
- The visual transformation of the property using carefully planned and maintained time-lapse photography
All of these details will be added and updated on this page indefinitely along with answers to questions raised by visitors to the property and this site.
Q: What if I have a suggestion for that I feel would be valuable to add to this page?
Please submit it to us using our Suggestions Page. There are also always positions open to join our team as either a Consultant or Pioneer.
Q: Why are all the names listed in latin?
Latin names are used first because they are universally accepted with common names following in parenthesis.
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