One Community
Food Forest Edge Plantings
This page is our team’s research into food forest edge plantings. It includes food forest edge plant pictures, descriptions, cultural considerations, planting guidelines, and links to additional information. For food forest creation information visit the Food Forest Open Source Hub. The Food Forest Open Source Hub is also where you can find the results of our research into complete purchasing details for all plants listed on this page. These food forest edge plantings could work elsewhere but were chosen primarily for USDA zone 7a-7b.
This page is divided into the following sections:
- Specific Plants for Each Food Forest Section
- Other Related Pages
- Ways to Contribute to Evolving This
- Food Forest Component Elements Overview and Planting Guidelines
- Food Forest Edge Planting Specifics
- Plant Providers Resource List (where to buy)
- Summary
- FAQ
CLICK IMAGES FOR PAGES WITH COMPLETE PLANT LISTS FOR THE OTHER SECTIONS
CLICK HERE FOR ALL THE PLANT PURCHASING RESEARCH
OTHER RELATED PAGES (click individual icons for complete pages)
WAYS TO CONTRIBUTE TO EVOLVING THIS SUSTAINABILITY COMPONENT WITH US
SUGGESTIONS | CONSULTING | MEMBERSHIP | OTHER OPTIONS
FOOD FOREST ELEMENTS OVERVIEW
Our complete food forest includes a symbiotic cultivation of the following 8 key areas:
Canopy, Understory, Vines, Shrubs, Herbs, Groundcover, Root Crops, and Edge Plantings.
CLICK IMAGE TO VISIT THE FOOD FOREST OPEN SOURCE HUB WITH MORE INFO
Listed below are descriptions of each of the food forest edge plants we will be growing. Where genera are listed, it indicates that more than one species of that genus would be useful. Individual species listings indicate that the species in question has attributes of interest that are unique to the species. Those listing with a (†) indicate that these entries may be marginally adaptable onsite, and should therefore be considered experimental.
A NOTE ON PLACEMENT SPECIFICS
Placing individual species in their appropriate locations will need wait until we are on the property. We are saving this decision process until we are onsite because of the complex matrix of plant needs that must take in the specifics of the different areas of the property for maximum benefit. This includes sun and shade requirements, cold hardiness, soil and drainage preferences, ultimate size of the plant, allelopathic considerations, winter shadows, proximity to buildings or other structures, etc. These things combine to make placement a nearly case-by-case decision. In an effort to maximize the stability, beauty, productivity and self replication of the ecosystem we hope to create, we will employ (and open source share) as many of these and other design criteria as possible in the development and placement of all plantings at One Community.
CLICK THIS IMAGE TO LEARN ALL ABOUT FOOD FORESTS ON THE MAIN HUB PAGE
EDGE PLANTINGS
Edge plants are transitional zone plants that go between the food forest and non-forest areas and/or different food forest areas. Carefully chosen, they can protect the food forest proper from wind and other weather that could negatively impact it. A solid edge planting helps increase/preserve humidity within a food forest and can also be used, for example, to create a south-facing horseshoe shaped “sun trap” that will create different microclimates within a food forest, homesite, or settlement. Species diversity tends to be greatest in edges, and forests can be managed to maintain and increase the “edge effect.” Here is the current list of planned edge planting species for the One Community food forest:
Acacia colei† (Cole’s Wattle)
Cole’s wattle is a fast growing, short-lived, nitrogen fixing shrub in the Leguminosae native to Australia. It has been widely planted as a multipurpose tree, particularly in Africa. The seeds are edible, containing 21% protein, 10% fat and 57% carbohydrate. It is useful as windbreak, fuel, soil improvement, and human and animal food. Cold hardiness is not well documented, so it must be considered experimental for One Community.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Cole’s wattle in any suitable site.
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Tolerant of desert conditions
- Native to areas of Australia that have an 8-9 month dry season
- Adaptable to infertile soils and appears to have some salt tolerance
- Has been tested in Africa as a drought-tolerant food source with positive results
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young seedling should be planted out directly as soon as the last threat of frost is past. Seedlings should be inoculated with Rhizobium to initiate N-fixation, and speed growth rates. Mulch to conserve moisture. It may be that the plants put on sufficient growth that even if they are killed the first winter they will have accomplished their role as pioneer species.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Acacia spp. (Thorntree, Wattle)
Acacia is a genus of approximately 1300 species of trees and shrubs in the Fabaceae, native mainly to Australia and Africa. They are generally xerophytic, low branching, drought deciduous trees frequently armed with thorns on their branches (the genus name derives from the Greek word for thorn). They are nitrogen fixing, and many produce valuable timber or fuel wood, useful gums, edible seeds and flowers, etc.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Acacia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Acacias are adapted to climate with a long dry season
- They form deep root systems and fix nitrogen, creating their own fertility
- Supplemental water in the first year will also improve establishment rates
- Ripping a site prior to planting Acacias will encourage deep rooting and speed establishment
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Acacia should be planted when small, as their root systems do not hold well in pots. Deep treepots are best. These should be planted in a well drained site, mulched well, and watered in thoroughly. Rhizobium inoculation is beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Actinidia (Kiwi)
Actinidia is a genus of 60 species of shrubs and woody vines in the Actinidiaceae, native to Asia. They are mostly dioecious, rarely monoecious deciduous plants that produce edible berries ranging from the size of a cherry to that of a plum. Though cultivated in China for centuries, but since the 1960’s have the attention of western horticulturists.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow kiwi in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The vines are moisture loving and will drop leaves if drought stressed
- The vining species require a trellis or tree to support their rampant growth
- They should be planted in blocks, with eight females planted around a single male
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Adenolobus† (Beesklou, Peultjiebos)
Adenolobus is a genus of 5 species of small shrubs in the Fabaceae, native to southern Africa. They grow to approximately 3 – 4.5 feet in height, and bear yellow and orange flowers at the branch tips. Adenolobus occurs along seasonally dry watercourses and in open arid grass lands. The plant is forage for wild animals and livestock, and the roots are used by the Topnaar people as a liver tonic.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Adenolobus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants fix nitrogen, and have a deep root system
- Adenolobus withstand considerable drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Amelanchier (Serviceberry)
Amelanchier is a genus of approximately 20 species of deciduous shrubs and trees in the Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The plants range in height from 2 to 50 feet. The fruit is a pome, and ranges from bland to sweet and delicious. They are important wildlife food and are cultivated for their fruits. Recent breeding work has developed improved varieties.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Serviceberry in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They plant is hardy and can withstand some drought once established
- Amelanchier can be grown on most soils provided they are well drained
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Amomyrtus (Luma, Meli)
Amomyrtus is a genus of 2 species in the Myrtaceae native to Chile and Argentina. Shrubs to large trees these plants produce white flowers with exerted stamens and red to black fleshy edible fruits. The plants are self-compatible, and the flowers have a reputation as good bee pasture. The larger species reaches 60 feet in height, and produce very hard dense wood.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Amomyrtus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants occur on moist shaded sites
- The trees need regular moisture throughout the year
- Microclimate selection may be an important design factor
- Mulches should be maintained to prevent the soil from drying out
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Newly transplanted trees should be mulched thoroughly and watered in well. They should receive regular irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Aronia spp. (Chokeberry)
Aronia is a genus of 2 or 3 species in the Rosaceae, native to the eastern U.S. and widely naturalized in Europe. They are shrubs 8-10 feet in height, growing under larger forest trees or at forest margins. The fruits are high in sugar, acid (due to the high Vitamin C content) with a level of astringency (due to the high levels of anthocyanins and other antioxidants). Chokeberry has been commercialized in recent years as a health food.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Aronia in any suitable location.* aaaa
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Chokeberry grows in full sun to part shade
- Aronia are not particular about soils or pH
- Plants do best with some summer moisture during the growing season
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Aster sp. (Aster, Goldilocks)
Aster is a genus of 180 species in the Asteraceae, native to Eurasia. They are herbaceous, daisy-like perennials ranging from 8 inches to 8 feet in height. The showy, starry-shaped flowers may be red, pink, purple, or white, and are a good pollen source for bees. Some species are used for their medicinal properties. Many species and a variety of hybrids are popular as garden plants because of their attractive flowers.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Aster in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants can also be propagated from division
- Seed germination is uneven, so it is best to start seeds indoors early
- They grow in full sun to part shade, and in a wide range of soils and pH
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Astroloma pallidum (Candle cranberry)
Astroloma is a genus of approximately 20 species variously placed in the Ericaceae or Epacridaceae, native to Australia. A. pallidum is a shrubby evergreen mat-forming perennial to 1.5-2 feet in height. The leathery lanceolate leaves are tipped with spines. The white tubular flowers are followed by small edible green to brown berries, which are said to taste like apples.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Astroloma in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
The seed has a hard seed coat
- Seed germination is slow, taking up to five years
- Smoke pre-treating the seed may help speed germination
- The species is mat-rooted and very difficult to successfully transplant
- Astroloma is very difficult to propagate from cuttings, rooting slowly if at all
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young plants should be planted into well worked soil, taking great care not to disturb the roots. Plants should be mulched and watered in. Infrequent irrigation should continue until the plants show signs of growth and establishment. Mycorrhizal inoculation may be beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Azara spp. (Chin-chin)
Azara is a genus of 13 accepted species variously placed in the Flacourtiaceae or Salicaceae, native to Chile and Argentina. They are shrubs or small trees to 20 feet in height, with glossy alternate leaves and fragrant flowers. The flowers have 4-5 lobed calyces, no petals and numerous exerted stamens; followed by small globose fruits. The fruits are eaten by people and birds, and the plant is used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Azara in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Azara responds well to fertilizer
- The plant grows in many soil types
- Azara grows in full sun to partial shade
- The plant is is near it’s climatic limit at the OC site and is experimental
- Azara likes regular watering but withstands some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue regular irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cactaceae (Cactus, Prickly Pear, Cholla)
The Cactaceae is a New World family found in many ecological zones throughout North and South America. While they are generally associated with deserts, species also occur in wet rainforest and cold temperate zones. We will plant species that are winter hardy to our site, mainly of the genera Opuntia, Echinocereus, Escobaria, Cylindropuntia, Coryphantha, Pediocactus, etc.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow cold hardy cactus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- If sufficiently hardy to the site, the plants should be largely care-free
- Cacti need little to no fertilizer, and no supplemental water in most years
PLANTING GUIDELINES
The main planting requirement is excellent drainage. The plants can be planted and left to establish. Supplemental water at two to three week intervals may be given in the warm parts of early summer, but is not necessary. Plants should be planted in a well drained sandy soil. Plants do not need to be watered in.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Camptotheca acuminata (Happy tree, “xi shu”- TCM)
Camptotheca is a genus of 2 accepted species variously placed in the Nyssaceae or Cornaceae, native to China. They are shrubs to trees from 6 to 30 feet in height, found in forested areas along watercourses. The plants yield several unique alkaloids that have been used as cancer drugs. The tree is highly endangered in the wild; the Chinese government produces the alkaloid on plantations.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Camptotheca in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The trees prefer steady moisture
- Camptotheca will grow in wet soils
- Highest concentration of alkaloid is in the seeds
- Camptotheca is grown from fresh seed or cuttings
- Trees can withstand some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted after last frost, mulched thoroughly and watered in well. Continue regular irrigation. Once new growth commences, regular light applications of fertilizer can be given throughout the growing season.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Centropogon spp.
Centropogon is a genus of 215 accepted species in the Campanulaceae, native to montane forests in South America, especially Ecuador. They are herbaceous perennials 1 to 3 feet in height. Many are highly endemic and are considered endangered. The genus is closely allied with Lobelia, and likely has similar medicinal uses. Centropogon are important food sources for hummingbirds.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Centropogon in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants need regular watering
- Plants are started from seed or cuttings
- Centropogon likes soils high in organic matter
- The plants prefer partial shade to part day sun
- Centropogon does best with some light feedings
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted into a well worked soil high in organic matter in spring after last frost. Mulch and water regularly. Protect from drying winds.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cephalotaxus (Plum Yew)
Cephalotaxus is a genus of 11 species of conifers in the Cephalotaxaceae native to eastern Asia. They are shrubs to small trees to 30 feet. Species are monoecious or dioecious. They are unusual among conifers in having a fleshy covering to the seed cones, a dispersal strategy in which squirrels and other mammals carry the fruits away from the parent tree to germinate. These fruits have been eaten by humans and used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Cephalotaxus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- All species in the genus are slow growing
- All species are threatened with habitat loss
- All species are over harvested for medicinal uses
- Some smaller species will only reach 10 feet in height
- They should receive supplemental irrigation during dry periods
- They should be grown in soils with a high organic matter content
- Those under 10 feet in height would be considered understory trees
- Young trees prefer shade, although they will tolerate full sun with age
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees should be planted in a shady location, or artificial shade provided for the first few years in hot summer climates. Soil should be amended before planting with well-aged compost or other organic matter. Newly transplanted trees should be watered in well and given regular irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Cercidium (Palo Verde)
Cercidium is a medium desert tree in the Caesalpinioideae native to the Sonoran Desert region. As the name suggests, the trunk and branches are green, due the the chlorophyll they contain. This allows the tree to photosynthesize food even when drought has caused the leaves to fall. The tree reaches 25-30 feet at a relatively slow rate, and is considered a climax species. The seeds are eaten by the Seri people.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Cercidium in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The tree forms hydrophobic soils beneath its canopy
- Hydrophobic soils prevents competition under the canopy by most other plants
- The tree is browsed by many desert herbivores and the fallen seeds by javelinas
- Hydrophobic soils direct rainfall out to the drip line, to be absorbed by the feeder roots
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees form deep tap roots and should be planted when small. Some supplemental water is necessary for the first year after which they should not be irrigated.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Las Pilitias Nursery – Cercidium
Corylopsis (Spike winterhazel)
Corylopsis is a genus of 26 accepted species in the Hamamelidaceae, native to China and Japan. They are woody perennial shrubs, 6 to 20 feet in height. The fragrant flowers are in pendant racemes and bloom early in the spring. The species are used medicinally in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Chemical analysis has isolated a number of bioactive compounds with antiviral activity.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Corylopsis in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants need partial shade
- Corylopsis needs good drainage
- Plants prefer neutral to acid soils
- Plants prefer soils rich in organic matter
- Corylopsis needs protection from drying winds
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted in a shaded site in spring. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue regular irrigation until new growth begins.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Elaeagnus (Silverberry)
Elaeagnus is a genus of approximately 70 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs in the Elaeagnaceae, native to Asia, North America, and Australia. They have small flowers with a 4-lobed calyx and no petals. This is an edible fleshy drupe with a single seed. Several species are cultivated for their fruits, and they are also important wildlife food. Silverberry has medicinal uses as well.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Elaeagnus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They contain high levels of lycopene
- The berries can be eaten fresh or dried
- They leaves are good browse for livestock
- Twigs and branches can be harvested for fuelwood
- The plants are known to fix nitrogen, and are excellent pioneer species
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Embothrium coccineum (Notro, Ciruelillo)
Embothrium is a genus of 2 to 8 species in the Proteaceae, native to Chile. The notro tree is an upright evergreen to occasionally deciduous tree to 50 feet. The flowers are tubular dividing into four reflexed lobes and exerted stamens and style. The species produces a soft pinkish timber that is used for carving. The Mapuche people use the plant medicinally to treat skin ailments and other conditions.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow notro in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Embothrium can sucker to form thickets
- Embothrium grows in full sun to partial shade
- The species may need supplemental water to establish
- The species is near it’s climatic limit at the OC site and is experimental
- The species is sensitive to phosphorus; do not apply P-containing fertilizer
- Mulch is essential; Proteaceae roots secrete acids to digest woody plant remains
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be placed in their permanent location when small, taking care not to disturb the root system. Plants should receive adequate moisture, but do not overwater. Mulch immediately and keep the mulch layer topped up as it decays. Young plantings may benefit from light shade for the first few summers.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Gahnia spp. (Saw sedge)
Gahnia is a genus of 40 species of tussock-forming sedges in the Cyperaceae, native mainly to Australasia. They are strap-leaved herbaceous perennials from 4 to 10 feet in height. The flowers are borne in long upright panicles above the foliage. The seeds are a nutlet ripening from red-brown to black. The ground seeds were eaten by aboriginal people, and the tender inner leaf bases are used as a vegetable.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Gahnia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They tolerate a wide range of soil types and pH
- Seed germination is slow, often taking 12 months
- Plants grow in seasonally inundated wetlands, but can stand considerable drought
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be mulched and watered well. Regular irrigation is beneficial until the plants establish.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Gevuina avellana (Chilean hazel, Gevuin)
Gevuin is an evergreen tree in the Proteaceae, native to Chile and Argentina. The tree occurs in the high valleys of the southern Andes where it grows to a height of 60 ft. The 4-6 in. flower clusters are followed by 1 in. red fruits, ripening to black. Inside the outer husk is a single large seed with a delicate flavor. This close relative of the macadamia is being developed commercially in Chile and New Zealand.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow gevuin in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Mycorrhizal inoculation may be beneficial
- The tree is said to be hardy to 10F once established
- Young trees may require some winter protection for a few years
- Many species of Proteaceae are sensitive to phosphorus fertilizers
- Gevuin is from a moister climate and may require supplemental irrigation
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees should be planted when relatively small, as they resent becoming pot bound. The roots must not be disturbed when planting. Mulch is important to maintain even soil moisture. It may help to prepare the soil with mycorrhizae prior to planting. Avoid feeding with any phosphorus-containing fertilizer.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Haloxylon (Saxaul)
Haloxylon is a genus of 2 species of shrubs or small trees in the Amaranthaceae, native to arid regions of Central Asia; usually occurring on sandy soils. These plants are 3 to 25 feet in height, with leaves reduced to scales. They have thick bark to prevent desiccation, and store water in the bark, which can be squeezed out. The tree has been over harvested in recent years for fuel, and is considered endangered.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Haloxylon in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Saxaul withstands considerable drought
- Once established, the plant is largely care free
- The plants form a deep root system in light soils
- They are sometimes host to a parasitic plant Cistanche deserticola
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Small plants should be planted in deep sandy soil, mulched thoroughly, and watered in well. Infrequent deep irrigations during the first growing season should be sufficient to establish the plants.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hippophae spp. (Sea Buckthorn)
Hippophae is a genus of 7 species in the Elaeagnaceae, native to Eurasia. They are much-branched shrubs to 20 feet in height. The dioecious plants have grey-green foliage and woody spines along the branches. The brown flowers are wind pollinated, and are followed by orange berries in dense clusters along the branches. The fruit are high in Vitamins C, E, oils, and polyphenols.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow sea buckthorn in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants fix nitrogen and are soil improvers
- They tolerate dry winds, drought, cold, and saline soils
- In the former Soviet bloc countries, many improved varieties have been developed
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Nylandtia spinosa (Skilpadbessie, Tortoise berry)
Nylandtia is a genus of 2 accepted species in the Polygalaceae, native to Africa. The plant is a much-branched shrub to 3 feet in height. Tortoise berry is an abundant producer of pale pink to purple flowers, followed by red fleshy fruit which are eaten by tortoises, birds and people. The fruits are high in vitamin C and are said to be thirst quenching, and the plant is an important local medicine.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Nylandtia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants need well drained soil
- The plants tolerate drought once established
- Occasional tip pruning encourages bushy growth
- Nylandtia tolerates poor soil but responds to fertilizer
- Plants are grown from seed; germination in 2-3 weeks
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young plants can be planted out in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Give some winter protection for the first few winter to help establishment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Jovellana punctata
Jovellana is a genus of 3 accepted species in the Calceolariaceae, native to Chile and New Zealand. They are evergreen perennial shrubs from 1.5 to 5 feet in height, growing in moist woodland conditions, often along streambanks. The foliage has an aromatic scent, described as “minty-spicy”, and the large sprays of flowers are held above the foliage making an attractive ornamental.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Jovellana in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Plants like a cool humid location
- Jovellana is intolerant of drought
- The plant does best in a humus-rich soil
- Give fertilization during the growing season
- Plants are propagated from seed or cuttings
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plant out in a shady spot in soils amended with compost. Water in well and mulch thoroughly. Continue irrigation at regular intervals
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Kadsura spp. (“Hai feng teng”- TCM)
Kadsura is a genus of 16 accepted species in the Schisandraceae, native to Asia. They are dioecious or monoecious woody vines that grow from 8 to 30 feet in length. The flowers are borne in the leaf axils or cauliflorous along the female vines. The edible spherical aggregate fruits are from 2 to 6 inches in diameter, and ripen yellow, red or purple. The plant is highly valued in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Kadsura in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Vines need structural support
- Vines prefer regular moisture and mulch
- The vines grow in partial shade to full sun
- Kadsura prefers soils high inorganic matter
- Male and female vines must be grown for fruit
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Vines should be grown to 5 gal. size before planting. After planting, mulch thoroughly and water in well. If dioecious species are grown, plant at least one male for every eight female vines, not more than 20 feet apart. Water regularly during the growing season, and fertilize occasionally.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lepidosperma gladiatum (Coastal sword sedge)
Lepidosperma is a genus of 66 accepted species in the Cyperaceae native to Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand. L. gladiatum grows along the coast of Australia as a clumping perennial sedge to 3 feet in height with flat strap-like leaves. The flowers are in clusters. brown, held above the foliage. The flat leaves are used for weaving and cordage, and the tender white leaf bases are eaten.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lepidosperma in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Seeds are difficult to germinate
- The plant grows in many soil types
- Plants can withstand drought once established
- Division of the clumps is possible but may be fatal
- Newly divided plants must be kept moist for 3 months
- The clumps should only be divided while actively growing
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Well-rooted divisions or seed-grown plants should be planted out at the beginning of the growing season, and kept continuously moist for the first few months. Mulch is very beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
See book: “Coastal Plants: A Guide to the Identification and Restoration of Plants of the Perth Region” Kingsley Dixon
Wikipedia – Lepidosperma_gladiatum
Leucosidea sericea (Ouhout)
Leucosidea is a monotypic genus in the Rosaceae, native to southern Africa. It is a shrub or tree to 20 feet in height. The plant can branch low or have a single upright trunk, with rough reddish bark that tends to peel off in pieces. Leaves are an alternate compound and tomentose; it flowers in terminal spikes, with the fruit being a nut. The plant is used medicinally by the Zulu and Xhosa people.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Leucosidea in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Ouhout grows on many soil types
- Timber is used for fence posts and fuel
- The tree is a good nectar source for bees
- Leucosidea stands some drought once established
- The tree is not grazed and increases in overgrazed land
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted out in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue regular irrigation until new growth appears.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Liquidambar styraciflua (Liquidamber tree, American sweetgum)
Liquidambar is a genus of five species in the Altingiaceae or Hamamelidaceae, distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. L. styraciflua is a medium to large deciduous tree to 130 feet in height, found in the eastern U.S. down to Central America. It has five-pointed palmated leaves and distinctive spherical spikey seedpods. The tree is grown for ornament, shade, timber, gum, and medicinal uses.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Liquidambar in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Liquidambar requires good drainage
- The species prefers slightly acid to neutral soil
- The tree will be hardy at the One Community property
- Plants are propagated from seed, rooted cuttings or grafts
- If grown for timber, prune lower branches and side leaders
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees can be planted when dormant from fall through spring. They should be mulched and watered in well. When growth begins in spring a light application of finished compost or aged animal manure can speed establishment, but is not necessary.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Liquidambar_styraciflua
Lupinus (Lupin, Tarwi)
Lupinus is a genus of approximately 200 species of herbaceous perennials to woody shrubs in the Fabaceae, native to the Americas and the Mediterranean. They are important plants for soil improvement, green manure, and wildlife habitat. Some species, such as Lupinus mutabilis, have been cultivated as human food. The seeds are high in protein and fat.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lupinus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Inoculation with Rhizobium is recommended
- The plants can be direct sown or grown from transplants
- The plants will grow in a wide variety of environmental conditions
- The plants will grow in a various soil types as long as they have good drainage
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seeds or transplants should be placed out immediately after the last frost. Apply mulch and provide regular irrigation until plants are established.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Magnolia spp. (Magnolia)
Magnolia is an ancient genus of approximately 210 species of flowering trees in the Magnoliaceae, native to Asia and the Americas. They are evergreen or deciduous trees to 60 feet. The structure of the large showy fragrant flowers indicates that they evolved to be pollinated by beetles; Magnolias have existed prior to the evolution of bees. Many species of Magnolia are threatened with extinction. The tree is used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Magnolia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They prefer regular moisture throughout the year
- They can withstand some drought once established
- Magnolias are best grown in well drained soils enriched with organic matter
- Some evidence suggest that they form associations with symbiotic fungi (VAM)
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees should be mulched after planting and watered in well. They should receive regular irrigation until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Malus spp. (Apple)
In accordance with our botanical garden model, One Community will grow some of the most diverse, endangered, and delicious apples in the world. Many of these trees used to be hugely popular but are now virtually unheard of. Apple trees in our food forest environment may be left largely untrained, since they will fill such other roles as wildlife food/habitat, firewood, shade and windbreak, etc.
Each of the specific apples we will grow has been carefully selected for its unique flavor characteristics, specific notable uses (drying, baking, cider, storage, etc.), and to maintain a diverse production season. This will provide anyone duplicating this food production house fresh and delicious apples with a broad range of different flavors and uses throughout the year.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Malus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The trees will grow in full sun to partial shade
- Apples are subject to a number of pests and diseases
- They will grow in a wide range of soils, provided they are well drained
- For woodlot or wildlife, trees may not require as much training and cultural care
- Many rootstocks have been developed to address specific soils, size control, disease resistance, etc.
- Trees should be trained to wide branch angles, as this stimulates early bearing & better productivity
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Myrica spp. (Bayberry, Sweet gale, Wax myrtle)
Myrica is a genus of 21 accepted species in the Myricaceae, native to Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. They are mainly dioecious evergreen or deciduous shrubs to small trees with simple leaves having crinkled or dentate margins. The flowers are catkins, followed by drupaceous fruits with a waxy coating. The wax has been used to make candles, and the fruits of some species are eaten.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Myrica in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Myrica are important wildlife food
- Myrica is a non-legume nitrogen fixer
- Myrica grows in acid to slightly alkaline soil
- Myrica are good pioneer species for difficult sites
- The plants can stand some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted after last frost, mulched thoroughly and watered in well. Inoculation with Rhizobium will help the plants establish. Regular irrigation for the first few years will also speed establishment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Nitraria spp.
Nitraria is a genus of 9 species in the Nitrariaceae, native to arid zones of the Old World and Australia. They are woody shrubs generally 4-6 feet in height. They are salt tolerant, withstand high heat and subzero winters, being found in Mongolia. The plants produce abundant crops of edible fruits; where the plant grows on salty soils, the salts accumulate into the fruit which are said to produce a taste like salty grapes.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Nitraria in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Once the plants have established, they are practically carefree
- Plants are extremely tolerant of poor soils, heat, drought, and cold
- Will benefit from mulch and supplemental irrigation the first few years after planting
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Nitraria seeds can be difficult to germinate. In their native regions they will lie dormant for years until favorable conditions for germination and establishment occur. Seeds of an Australian species, N. billardierei, are dispersed by emus, and it is said that they will not germinate without passing through the animal. Suitable germination protocols will have to be worked out for these species.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Olea europea (Olive)
Olea is a genus of approximately 40 species in the Oleaceae, native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of the Old World. The most important species is the olive, Olea europaea. They are slow growing evergreen trees to 40 feet, grown for their edible fruit. Edible fruit is eaten after pickling or pressed for oil. The leaves are eaten in salads, and contain anti-viral flavonoids.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow olives in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They are subject to some insect pests.
- Olive trees require little care once established.
- The trees are long lived, and extremely drought tolerant.
- Tree should be planted in the warmest micro-climates to succeed at One Community site.
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Opopanax (Rough parsnip)
Opopanax is a genus of 3 species of large perennial herbs in the Apiaceae, native to the Mediterranean and Middle East. They grow to 3 feet in height, with umbels of yellow flowers above the foliage. The aromatic resin produced by wounding the base of the plant has been used as a food flavoring, as incense and in perfume, and medicinally to treat infections, asthma, spasms, and as a mild sedative.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Opopanax in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants withstand drought once established
- Mulch is beneficial and occasional summer water
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Persoonia spp. (Geebung)
Persoonia is a genus of 9 accepted species in the Proteaceae, native to Australia. They are woody evergreen perennial shrubs 6 to 20 feet in height. The fibrous fruits of P. levis are said to taste like cantaloupe; they are chewed and the seed and fiber discarded. Some species of Persoonia are endangered as their seeds are not germinating to replace themselves. The plants have medicinal uses.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Persoonia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Seed must be sown when fresh
- Seed should be sown on the surface
- Seed must be chipped open before sowing
- Gibberellic acid improves germination rates
- Mulch is important to control weed competition
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Small plants can be planted in spring after last frost. Mulch thoroughly and water in. Allow the soil to become nearly dry between waterings, as the plants are susceptible to Phytophora root rot. Do not give any phosphorus-containing fertilizer, as these are generally fatal to Proteaceae.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Peumus (Boldo)
Peumus is a monotypic genus in the Monimiaceae, endemic to Chile. It is a slow growing, small tree to 20 feet in height. The aromatic leaves are used as a culinary flavoring and to make medicinal teas. The small green fruits are edible and considered nutritious. Caution should be taken, as the main compound responsible for the leaves aroma is known to be toxic in large doses.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Peumus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The trees are native to forest habitats
- Should benefit from organic matter and mulch
- Information on the trees hardiness is not exact
- This will be considered experimental at the One Community location
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Prosopis spp. (Mesquite)
Prosopis is a genus of 45 species in the Fabaceae distributed in the arid zones of the Americas, Africa, and western and southern Asia. They are drought adapted, deep rooted trees to 20-40 feet. Their wood is hard, dense, and is used fence posts, fuel and as craft wood. The abundant pods (containing large amounts of sugars), and the high protein seeds have been an important food resources for desert people and animals.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Prosopis in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Mesquite should be planted out as small seedlings
- Plantings should be from deep tree pots to encourage the plants tap roots
- Mulch is very beneficial to newly planted trees, as is mycorrhizal inoculation
- In hardpan or caliche soils ripping or augering a deep planting hole should be considered
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees form deep tap roots and should be planted when small. Some supplemental water is necessary for the first year or two. Inoculation with Rhizobium is beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Prunus (Plum, Peach, Almond, Nectarine, Apricot)
Prunus is a genus of approximately 430 species of shrubs and trees in the Rosaceae, found worldwide. The genus contains many species of economic importance including peaches, plums cherries, apricots and almonds. In addition to the cultivated species, wild species are important wildlife food. The species have produced plumcots, apriums, peachcots, etc.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Prunus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Trees need a well drained soil
- Specific varieties may have particular rootstock requirements
- The trees do best with infrequent deep irrigation during the growing season
- Many species show some drought tolerance, but late spring frost can damage buds
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees should be planted in late winter or early spring, while still dormant. Young trees should be mulched to retain moisture. Fertilizer should be withheld until trees are actively growing.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Rapanea melanophloeos (Cape beech)
Rapanea is a genus of 81 accepted species in the Myrsinaceae, native to Africa. Cape beech is an evergreen dioecious tree to 50 feet in height, with thick leathery leaves. The cream to greenish yellow flowers are followed by purple berries, attractive to birds and wildlife. The hard, heavy, pinkish brown wood is valued for furniture and cabinetry, and the bark and roots are used medicinally.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Rapanea in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Trees respond well to fertilizer
- Rapanea grows in most soil types
- The tree grows in full sun to partial shade
- Cape beech tolerates drought once established
- The tree tolerates windy conditions, growing well at the coast
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be planted out after last frost, mulched thoroughly and watered in well. Continue irrigation at regular interval until new growth begins.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust)
Black locust is a tree in the Fabaceae native to southeastern North America. It has been widely planted around the world for its hard rot-resistant timber, nitrogen fixing and soil improvement, bee pasture, fuelwood, and other uses. Trees can reach 60-80 feet in height but are usually harvested before this. The long racemes of flower produce abundant nectar, and are edible battered and fried.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow black locust in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Black locust grows in a wide range of soils and pHs
- Locust borer cause the decline and death of the trees after a few years
- When planted in a mixed species forest stand insect problems are generally reduced
- When grown for timber, care must be taken to control locust borer, the trees main pest
- The tree coppices well and regrows quickly, making it an excellent choice for fuelwood lots
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted out into a well-worked soil enriched with compost. They should be mulched well and irrigated at regular intervals until signs of growth begin. Inoculation with Rhizobium is beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Robinia pseudoacacia
Exocarpos cupressiformis (Cherry ballart)
Exocarpos is a genus of 27 accepted species in the Santalaceae, native to S.E Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. They are hemiparasitic on the roots of other trees.E. cupressiformis is an evergreen shrub or small tree to 25 feet. The edible “fruit” is actually a swollen stem called a pedicel, which is attached to the real fruit (a nut). The tree produces a figured wood used for furniture and turnery.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Exocarpus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Trees grow in full sun to partial shade
- Acid scarification may assist germination
- The plants need a host tree or shrub to parasitise
- Seeds germinate best after passing through a bird
- Exocarpos are grown from seed which must be fresh
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young plants should be planted after last frost. Plant near an existing tree or shrub to act as host. Mulch thoroughly and water in well. Continue watering at intervals, taking care to let the soil dry out somewhat between watering.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Exocarpus_cupressiformis
BAMBOOS
Bamboos are an especially useful set of plants for swales and edge plantings. Monopodial (“clumping”) bamboos have very dense root systems, and excel as silt traps. The sympodial or so-called “running” bamboos spread out and form groves of canes that can quickly shade and mulch large areas. Their root systems will seek moisture, and they can spread along a swale for hundreds of feet, mulching and protecting the newly installed swale as they go. Near dwellings or settlement, all greywater can be directed to bamboo groves, which will greedily filter out nitrates and nitrites. There are different species of bamboo that will grow from the equator to the arctic latitudes and they provide a broad diversity of yields including edible shoots, medicine, craft and construction wood, mulch, fuel, livestock browse, and more. Here is the current list of planned bamboo species for the One Community food forest:
Phyllostachys bambusoides (Madake)
Madake is a large running timber bamboo native to China and Japan. It reaches 75′ in height with straight, thick-walled culms 6″ in diameter, and is hardy to 0F. It is extensively grown in Japan for construction wood, making up 60% of Japan’s bamboo production. The culms compare with Tonkin cane (Pseudosasa amabilis) for strength and workability. Cooked shoots are edible, but not preferred.
Due to it’s great strength, flexibility, and load bearing capabilities, Madake is used extensively in construction throughout Asia. A favorite use is as a scaffolding for new high-rise buildings. Bamboo has also been found to be useful as reinforcement in concrete, taking the place of iron rebar for this purpose. This bamboo is also probably most famous as the species used for the traditional Japanese Shakuhachi flute.
PLACEMENTS
We will place Madake in  any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Bamboos like moisture and rich soil
- They will grow much faster with adequate care
- Mature groves become self-mulching and demand fewer inputs over time
- Thinning dead and over-mature culms stimulates more shoot growth and larger culms
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Potted bamboo plants should be planted out in the fall before the winter rains. After planting, the whole area should be mulched deeply and watered regularly until signs of new growth appear. Mulching ahead of the grove will encourage the spread of culms in the desired direction, as the root system will travel in the direction of greatest soil moisture.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Phyllostachys bambusoides | Bamboo.org | inbar.int
Phyllostachys angusta (Stone bamboo)
Stone bamboo is named for the very hard nature of its culms. Bamboo culms fix silica from the soil into their tissues; this is especially true for stone bamboo. Culms reach 20-25 feet in height and a diameter of 1.5 inches and is one of the shortest of the Phyllostachys genus. The plant is hardy to 0F. The culms are generally straight and tend to lack branches on the lower third of the culm.
Stone bamboo has long been a favorite species for furniture making in China, due to its dense, hard yet plastic working properties. Most species of bamboo share the characteristic of being very workable in the “green” state by the use of heating, soaking, formsetting and other techniques. The chair to the left is a design by Jeff Dayu Shi, exhibited at a recent design show in Beijing.
PLACEMENTS
We will place Stone bamboo in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Bamboos like moisture and rich soil
- They will grow much faster with adequate care
- Mature groves become self-mulching and demand fewer inputs over time
- Thinning dead and over-mature culms stimulates more shoot growth and larger culms
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Potted bamboo plants should be planted out in the fall before the winter rains. After planting, the whole area should be mulched deeply and watered regularly until signs of new growth appear. Mulching ahead of the grove will encourage the spread of culms in the desired direction, as the root system will travel in the direction of greatest soil moisture.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Phyllostachys dulcis (Sweetshoot bamboo)
Sweetshoot bamboo is named for the edible nature of its new shoots. This species is one of the most widely grown for edible shoots in China where they are highly prized and command high prices. They Culms reach 40 feet in height and a diameter of 3 inches. The plant is hardy to 0F. The culms are generally straight and tend to lack branches on the lower third of the culm.
The fresh shoots of Phyllostachys dulcis are sliced and eaten raw in salads or cooked into soups or stir-fry dishes. Bamboo shoots are considered a medicinal food in Chinese medicine, and are thought to stimulate “chi”, improve brain function and increase circulation. They contain large amounts of silicic acid, which has important dietary functions. (Pavelic et. al., Nutrition & Metabolism, 2013, 10:2)
PLACEMENTS
We will place Sweetshoot Bamboo in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Bamboos like moisture and rich soil
- They will grow much faster with adequate care
- Mature groves become self-mulching and demand fewer inputs over time
- Thinning dead and over-mature culms stimulates more shoot growth and larger culms
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Potted bamboo plants should be planted out in the fall before the winter rains. After planting, the whole area should be mulched deeply and watered regularly until signs of new growth appear. Mulching ahead of the grove will encourage the spread of culms in the desired direction, as the root system will travel in the direction of greatest soil moisture.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Phyllostachys edulis (Moso)
Moso is the largest temperate running bamboo. Native to China, it is the most widely cultivated species of bamboo there. Culms reach a height of 75 feet and a diameter of 7 inches. The plant is hardy to 5F. The young culms are covered in fine tomentum, giving them a velvety appearance. Although the culms are not as durable for timber uses as madake, they are the best for paper and bast fiber.
Moso is mainly grown for its delicious shoots, which are widely eaten in China either fresh, canned or dried. The highest quality, called winter vegetable, are those that are dug from beneath the winter snows and are a prized delicacy. Moso has been recorded to produce 1800 pounds of shoots per acre in a test plot in Georgia. This was from a grove that was also being regularly dug for planting stock, which reduces shoot yields.
PLACEMENTS
We will place Moso in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Bamboos like moisture and rich soil
- They will grow much faster with adequate care
- Mature groves become self-mulching and demand fewer inputs over time
- Thinning dead and over-mature culms stimulates more shoot growth and larger culms
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Potted bamboo plants should be planted out in the fall before the winter rains. After planting, the whole area should be mulched deeply and watered regularly until signs of new growth appear. Mulching ahead of the grove will encourage the spread of culms in the desired direction, as the root system will travel in the direction of greatest soil moisture.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia -Phyllostachys edulis | Bamboo.org | inbar.int
Phyllostachys vivax
Ph. vivax is a large temperate running bamboo native to China and Japan. Culms reach 70 feet in height and a diameter of 6 inches. The plant is hardy to 5F. This species closely resembles Ph. bambusoides (madake) but differs in having much thinner culm walls. It still makes a useful timber bamboo, especially split, but is not as strong as madake. It is planted for its shoots which are steamed and eaten.
Ph. vivax shoots in early spring. The sheath is hairless and lacks auricles and the blades are ribbon shaped, strongly reflexed and crinkly. These characteristics can be useful in identifying Ph. vivax from similar looking species. The shoots are at their best when very young, even before they have emerged from the soil. Commercial growers tend to let them get a little larger to increase yields.
PLACEMENTS
We will place Ph. vivax in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Bamboos like moisture and rich soil
- They will grow much faster with adequate care
- Mature groves become self-mulching and demand fewer inputs over time
- Thinning dead and over-mature culms stimulates more shoot growth and larger culms
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Potted bamboo plants should be planted out in the fall before the winter rains. After planting, the whole area should be mulched deeply and watered regularly until signs of new growth appear. Mulching ahead of the grove will encourage the spread of culms in the desired direction, as the root system will travel in the direction of greatest soil moisture.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
ADDITIONAL BAMBOO SPECIES
In addition to the species highlighted above we will also incorporate the following bamboo species into the Outdoor Planting Plan:
Fargesia nitida, Fargesia robusta, Fargesia utilis, Gaoligongshania megalothyrsa, Hibanobambusa tranquillans, Menstruocalamus sichanensis, Ochlandra stridula, Phyllostachys acuta, Phyllostachys arcana, Phyllostachys atrovaginata, Phyllostachys aureosulcata, Phyllostachys fimbiligula, Phyllostachys flexuosa, Phyllostachys glauca, Phyllostachys heteroclada, Phyllostachys humilis, Phyllostachys incarnata, Phyllostachys iridescens, Phyllostachys lithophila, Phyllostachys makinoi, Phyllostachys meyeri, Phyllostachys nidularia, Phyllostachys nigra ‘Henon’, Phyllostachys nuda, Phyllostachys parvifolia, Phyllostachys platyglossa, Phyllostachys praecox, Phyllostachys prominens, Phyllostachys propinqua, Phyllostachys purpurata, Phyllostachys robustiramea, Phyllostachys rubromarginata, Phyllostachys stimulosa, Phyllostachys violascens, Phyllostachys viridiglaucescens, Phyllostachys viridis, Pleioblastus amarus, Pleioblastus chino, Pleioblastus gramineus, Pleioblastus hindsii, Pleioblastus humilis, Pleioblastus juxianensis, Pleioblastus linearis, Pleioblastus oleosis, Pleioblastus simonii, Pleioblastus usawai, Pleioblastus viridula, Pseudosasa amabilis, Pseudosasa cantori, Pseudosasa japonica, Pseudosasa longiligula, Semiarundinaria fastuosa, Semiarundinaria fortis, Semiarundinaria kagamiana, Semiarundinaria lubrica, Semiarundinaria makinoi, Semiarundinaria okuboi, Semiarundinaria yashadake, Sinobambusa gigantea, Sinobambusa intermedia, Sinobambusa tootsik, Thamnocalamus aristatus, Thamnocalamus crassinodus, Thamnocalamus spathiflorus, Thamnocalamus tesselatus, Yushania alpina, Yushania anceps ‘Pitt White’, Yushania maling, Yushania maculata,
EARTHBAG VILLAGE PLANTINGS
The earthbag village planting list includes plants specifically chosen for planting in and around the earthbag village. We will continue to expand this list as we develop the entire earthbag village site and identify what plants make the most sense to plant in and around the residences there. Here is the current list of planned earthbag village species:
Acacia spp. (Thorntree, Wattle)
Acacia is a genus of approximately 1300 species of trees and shrubs in the Fabaceae, native mainly to Australia and Africa. They are generally xerophytic, low branching, drought deciduous trees frequently armed with thorns on their branches (the genus name derives from the Greek word for thorn). They are nitrogen fixing, and many produce valuable timber or fuel wood, useful gums, edible seeds and flowers, etc.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Acacia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Acacias are adapted to climate with a long dry season
- They form deep root systems and fix nitrogen, creating their own fertility
- Supplemental water in the first year will also improve establishment rates
- Ripping a site prior to planting Acacias will encourage deep rooting and speed establishment
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Acacia should be planted when small, as their root systems do not hold well in pots. Deep treepots are best. These should be planted in a well drained site, mulched well, and watered in thoroughly. Rhizobium inoculation is beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Albizia (Silk Plant, Silk Tree, Siris)
Albizia is a genus of 150 species of fast growing subtropical to tropical trees and shrubs in the Fabaceae, mainly native to the Old World tropics. The most common species in the U.S., Albizia julibrisin, is hardy to New York in sheltered locations. The trees are grown for forage, fuelwood, timber, bee pasture and medicine. In certain places they have escaped cultivation and are considered invasive by some.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Albizia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The trees readily sprout from seeds
- Trees should be inoculated with Rhizobium
- Young seedlings should be planted out before they become pot bound
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should be applied until trees shown signs of new growth.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Asphodeline lutea (King’s spear, Asphodel)
Asphodeline is a genus of 19 accepted species in the Xanthorrhoeaceae, native to the Mediterranean and western Asia. Asphodeline lutea is a herbaceous perennial to 4 feet in height. The fragrant yellow flowers or borne on upright spikes. The roots are roasted and eaten and the flowers are added to salads. Young shoots are cooked and eaten like asparagus, and were once a popular vegetable in Europe.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow asphodel in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Propagation is by seed or division
- The plant grows in most soil types
- Asphodel grows in sun to light shade
- Production is best with some summer water
- Plants are drought tolerant once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Small plants or divisions may planted in spring after last frost. Mulch and water in. Maintain regular irrigation until plants establish. Do not overwater.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Elaeagnus (Silverberry)
Elaeagnus is a genus of approximately 70 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs in the Elaeagnaceae, native to Asia, North America, and Australia. They have small flowers with a 4-lobed calyx and no petals. This is an edible fleshy drupe with a single seed. Several species are cultivated for their fruits, and they are also important wildlife food. Silverberry has medicinal uses as well.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Elaeagnus in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- They contain high levels of lycopene
- The berries can be eaten fresh or dried
- They leaves are good browse for livestock
- Twigs and branches can be harvested for fuelwood
- The plants are known to fix nitrogen, and are excellent pioneer species
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hippophae spp. (Sea Buckthorn)
Hippophae is a genus of 7 species in the Elaeagnaceae, native to Eurasia. They are much-branched shrubs to 20 feet in height. The dioecious plants have grey-green foliage and woody spines along the branches. The brown flowers are wind pollinated, and are followed by orange berries in dense clusters along the branches. The fruit are high in Vitamins C, E, oils, and polyphenols.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow sea buckthorn in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants fix nitrogen and are soil improvers
- They tolerate dry winds, drought, cold, and saline soils
- In the former Soviet bloc countries, many improved varieties have been developed
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lycium (Goji Berry)
Lycium is a genus of approximately 70 species of shrubs in the Solanaceae, mainly found in drier parts of North and South America, southern Africa and Asia. They are shrubs from 3 to 10 feet, with thick leaves adapted to store moisture. The plants are often thorny; L. ferocissimum is grown around villages in Africa to repel lions. The fruits are high in carotenoids, and the young leaves are edible.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Lycium in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Lycium are cold and drought tolerant
- Once established, they need little care
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should continue until signs of new growth appear.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Maclura pomifera (Osage Orange)
Osage orange is a medium to large (40-60 ft) tree in the Moraceae native to Texas, Oklahoma and Arkansas. It has been widely planted as a windbreak, to control soil erosion, and for its durable hard wood. The 4-6 inch fruit is edible but not palatable, and the seeds are also eaten. The tree produces a milky latex with insect repelling properties, and all parts of the plant yield potentially valuable medicinal and industrial compounds.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Osage orange in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plant is very drought tolerant
- The species will grow on most soils and a wide range of pH
- The plant forms a deep taproot as well as a wide lateral root system
- Osage orange is a light demanding species, and should be planted in full sun
- For timber production, lower branches should be pruned at first to establish a taller trunk
- Prunings can be used for fodder and the branch wood is an excellent hot, long-burning fuel
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be mulched after planting and watered in well. Supplemental water for the first year or two will speed early growth and establishment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Medicago (Alfalfa)
Medicago is a genus of 83 species of creeping herbs to small shrubs in the Fabaceae. They are mainly native to arid regions of western and central Asia. The genus is best known for the species Medicago sativa (alfalfa) which is widely grown as a forage for livestock. The sprouted seeds are also eaten by humans, but should be cooked first to neutralize the canavanine, a toxic amino acid.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Medicago in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants send down root systems to 50 feet deep
- They are good nutrient cyclers and very drought tolerant
- A stand of alfalfa can be cut for forage several times a year
- A stand of alfalfa make a good source of compost material
- They are autotoxic; their seeds do not germinate well where alfalfa is growing
- Alfalfa fixes nitrogen and makes a good pioneer species for infertile or nutrient depleted soils
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Alfalfa is generally direct seeded where they are to stand.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Myrica spp. (Bayberry, Sweet gale, Wax myrtle)
Myrica is a genus of 21 accepted species in the Myricaceae, native to Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. They are mainly dioecious evergreen or deciduous shrubs to small trees with simple leaves having crinkled or dentate margins. The flowers are catkins, followed by drupaceous fruits with a waxy coating. The wax has been used to make candles, and the fruits of some species are eaten.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Myrica in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Myrica are important wildlife food
- Myrica is a non-legume nitrogen fixer
- Myrica grows in acid to slightly alkaline soil
- Myrica are good pioneer species for difficult sites
- The plants can stand some drought once established
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted after last frost, mulched thoroughly and watered in well. Inoculation with Rhizobium will help the plants establish. Regular irrigation for the first few years will also speed establishment.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Paulownia (Empress Tree)
Paulownia is a genus of 17 species of trees in the Paulowniaceae, native to eastern Asia. They are deciduous trees 40-50 feet in height with large cordate leaves and showy panicles of pink to purple flowers. Empress trees are fast growing and planted for reforestation and biomass. The light soft wood is used in cabinetry. The tree coppices and pollards well, and can be used as a pioneer mulch species.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Paulownia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Paulownia trees require good drainage
- They establish best in soils that have be disturbed or worked
- The addition of compost or manure prior to planting speeds establishment
- Trees need moisture when actively growing, since they are native to summer rainfall climates
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Young trees should be thoroughly mulched after planting and watered in well. Regular irrigation should be applied until trees shown signs of new growth.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Prosopis spp. (Mesquite)
Prosopis is a genus of 45 species in the Fabaceae distributed in the arid zones of the Americas, Africa, and western and southern Asia. They are drought adapted, deep rooted trees to 20-40 feet. Their wood is hard, dense, and is used fence posts, fuel and as craft wood. The abundant pods (containing large amounts of sugars), and the high protein seeds have been an important food resources for desert people and animals.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Prosopis in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Mesquite should be planted out as small seedlings
- Plantings should be from deep tree pots to encourage the plants tap roots
- Mulch is very beneficial to newly planted trees, as is mycorrhizal inoculation
- In hardpan or caliche soils ripping or augering a deep planting hole should be considered
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Trees form deep tap roots and should be planted when small. Some supplemental water is necessary for the first year or two. Inoculation with Rhizobium is beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (Goa bean, Winged bean)
Psophocarpus is a genus of 10 accepted species in the Fabaceae, native to Africa and Asia. They are vining herbaceous perennials often grown as annuals. The distinctive pods have four winged rachis lengthwise. All parts of the plant are edible and nutritious; being high in protein, vitamins, and oil. There is great variability in the plant, so varietal selection will be important to identify productive types.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Goa bean in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Seeds germinate within a week
- Vines are vigorous and need support
- Some varieties do not produce tubers
- The vines fix nitrogen and improve soil
- Some varieties are day-length sensitive
- Unsupported vines can form a living mulch
- Plants are grown from seed or re-sprout from unharvested tubers
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seeds can be sown where they will grow or germinated indoors and transplanted out after last frost. The plants should be mulched and watered in well. Maintain irrigation through dry spells.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust)
Black locust is a tree in the Fabaceae native to southeastern North America. It has been widely planted around the world for its hard rot-resistant timber, nitrogen fixing and soil improvement, bee pasture, fuelwood, and other uses. Trees can reach 60-80 feet in height but are usually harvested before this. The long racemes of flower produce abundant nectar, and are edible battered and fried.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow black locust in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Black locust grows in a wide range of soils and pHs
- Locust borer cause the decline and death of the trees after a few years
- When planted in a mixed species forest stand insect problems are generally reduced
- When grown for timber, care must be taken to control locust borer, the trees main pest
- The tree coppices well and regrows quickly, making it an excellent choice for fuelwood lots
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Plants should be planted out into a well-worked soil enriched with compost. They should be mulched well and irrigated at regular intervals until signs of growth begin. Inoculation with Rhizobium is beneficial.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wikipedia – Robinia pseudoacacia
Shepherdia argentea (Silver buffaloberry)
Shepherdia is a genus of 3 accepted species in the Elaeagnaceae, native to western North America. Silver buffaloberry is a deciduous shrub to 20 feet in height. The leaves are covered in fine silvery hairs and the yellow flowers are followed by red edible berries. These are tart and somewhat astringent and are used like cranberries. The plant is also used medicinally to treat stomach ailments.
PLACEMENTS
We will grow Shepherdia in any suitable location.*
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
- The plants are drought tolerant
- Shepherdia is important wildlife food
- Shepherdia are non-legume nitrogen fixers
- The plants are propagated by seed, cutting and grafts
- Shepherdia will be hardy at the One Community property
PLANTING GUIDELINES
Seedlings or rooted cuttings may be planted out in spring after last frost. Plants should be mulched and watered in well. Inoculation with Rhizobium is important.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
CLICK IMAGES FOR PAGES WITH COMPLETE PLANT LISTS FOR THE OTHER SECTIONS
WHERE TO PURCHASE ALL PLANTS
Here are the results of our research for purchasing all food forest and outdoor plants. Unlike everything we will be growing in the aquapini and walipini structures and large-scale garden, we did not price out each individual plant listed here because we wish to wait for the specific planting plan that will be developed throughout the first year of the living on the property; a planting plan that may evolve this list significantly. We did, however, complete sufficient research so that anyone wishing to purchase any of the plants currently listed above will can do so.
We use the following key for all of the plant providers listed below. To jump directly to what you seek, use your browser’s Find Function and remember to put the parenthesis around the letter code for the category you are looking for. Here are the abbreviations with short descriptions of all the categories you will find:
(A) = APPLES
Apples will be an important component of One Community’s Food Forest. We will work to achieve maximum diversity of this important fruit. Any provider listed with an “(A)” is a good source to support anyone interested in growing a diversity of apples.
(B) = BIODIVERISTY
Websites listed with “(B)” are sources of plants that are of interest to our open source Botanical Garden model and the preservation of biodiversity. Look to these sources if you are interested in the preservation of biodiversity too.
(Bb) = BAMBOO
Bamboo has a broad diversity of uses. Any providers listed with a “(Bb)” offer bamboo plants.
(G) = GARLIC
Garlic is food, medicine, flavoring…an essential plant to any community. Mmmm…garlic!
(M) = MEDICINAL
Websites listed with “(M)” are sources of plant with a history of medicinal use.
(O) = ORCHARD
“(O)” providers are website sources of fruits that will be cultivated in mixed polyculture orchards at One Community.
(Tp) = TROPICALS
Providers listed with a “(TP)” provide plants that, in our case, will be limited to the Aquapini/Walapini/Zenapini structures. They may be fruit, medicinal, culinary, etc.
(Tr) – TREES
“(Tr)” providers supply trees for Community forest plantings.
(V) = VEGETABLES
Providers listed with a “(V)” are sites and sources of seeds and plants that will be grown in the community’s food gardens.
(W) = WILD FOODS
Providers listed with a “(W)” are website sources of plant that will be components of Zone 3 and beyond; food plant that do not require much tending or cultivation.
PLANT PROVIDERS
www.sacredsucculents.com (B) (G) (M) (Tr) (V) (W)
Ben Kamm’s collection of useful species includes much more than succulent genera, including California natives, Chilean species, wild food plants, and many little-known or hard to find medicinal plants. Many offerings are available nowhere else. Most have provenance data, describing where they were collected, ecotype, uses, etc. An excellent resource. Limited volume, most propagules are sold out early in the season.
www.centuryfarmorchards.com (A) (O)
Century Farm Orchards is a small commercial nursery dedicated to preserving and disseminating the apple collection of Lee Calhoun, who spent decades locating old apples of the American South. They are the only commercial source for many of these varieties. Not all varieties are propagated for sale every year, so it is advisable to contact them to place orders early. Their web site has excellent descriptions of these apples, their origins, flavors, keeping qualities etc.
www.ars.usda.gov (A) (O)
The National Agricultural Research Service is a department of the USDA. The center at Geneva, New York is associated with Cornell University, and is the repository of the nations collections of apple, grape, and tart cherry varieties. Nearly 7000 apples are maintained here, and are used in breeding programs. Small amounts of dormant budwood are available for many varieties. An important global resource.
www.tropicalfruitforum.com (M) (Tp)
This chat board is one of the best resources for anyone interested in growing tropical or subtropical fruit. Its worldwide membership includes plant breeders, backyard growers, commercial orchardists etc. They have an exchange page where members can buy, sell and trade from their collections. There are many varieties and species held among the membership that are not available from commercial sources.
www.colecionandofrutas.org (M) (Tp)
This is the website of Helton Josue, a Brazilian scientist whose passion for preserving the wild food plants of his region of Brazil has led him to collect and share a wide range of species that are unavailable elsewhere, several are species new to science and have not been formally described. He makes small lots of seed available as they ripen.
www.ecoseeds.com (M) (V) (W)
This is the website of the Redwood City Seed Company, one of the original heirloom seed sellers. Since 1972 Craig and Sue Dremenn have introduced hundreds of valuable varieties of garden vegetables to American gardeners.
www.jlhudsonseeds.net (B) (M) (Tr) (W)
Founded in 1911, J.L. Hudson, Seedsman has for over the last 30 years been operated by David Theodoropolos and Sherri Calkins who are committed to the motto “Preservation through dissemination” Their catalog is always a fascinating read, describing the history, biology, ethnobotany, chemistry etc. for many of the hundreds of species offered. A pioneering company, worthy of support.
www.4everseeds.com (M) (V) (W)
Source of heirloom seeds, wild food seeds, and dye plant seeds. They also market a hand operated oilseed press.
Offers over 600 varieties of heirloom tomatoes.
www.seedsavers.org (M) (V) (W)
Founded in 1975 by Kent Whealy and his family to share some of his own family’s heirloom garden seeds, SSE has grown into the largest grassroots seed preservation organization in the country. Access is by membership. They maintain a demonstration farm in Decorah Iowa and in addition to several thousand varieties of vegetables, they also have a Heritage Orchard of some 400 regional apple varieties, and 360 varieties of grape varieties from the famous grape breeder Elmer Swenson.
www.sandhillpreservation.com (V)
A real family farm, the Sandhill Preservation Center maintains hundreds of vegetable and grain varieties, as well as poultry breeds. They also have an extensive collection of sweet potato varieties and will share their techniques for successfully growing them in colder northern climates.
www.oikostreecrops.com (Tr) (W)
Sells seedlings of many temperate zone food forest species. has a particularly good selection of oaks, both timber and acorn types.
www.lawyernursery.com (M) (Tr) (W)
Wholesale nursery offering tree and shrubs seedlings and bulk seed of many common species to forestry projects and revegetation projects. Also fruit tree rootstocks in bulk and at good prices.
www.ediblelandscaping.com (M) (O) (Tr) (V) (W)
Good varietal selection of many standard and unusual food perennials.
www.bonitafruittrees.com (O) (Tp)
Extensive collection of subtropical and deciduous fruit trees.
www.rollingrivernursery.com (O) (Tr)
Fruit and nut tree nursery.
Main producer of avocado, citrus and subtropical fruit trees for commercial California groves.
Source of many rare tropical fruit tree species. Based in Hawaii but ships in bulk to Excalibur Nursery in Florida.
www.dnagardens.com (V) (W)
Canadian nursery that is the licensed propagator for the new “Ben” series of black currants.
Canadian vegetable seed supplier.
Nursery specializing in the production of trees inoculated with the endomycorrhizal fungi producing black and white truffles. The mycelia web in forest ecosystems is an important design element in evolving a food forest, as many tree species are benefitted by mycorrhizal association with certain fungal symbionts.
www.filareefarm.com (G) (V)
Seed garlic and potatoes.
www.hoodrivergarlic.com & www.thegarlicstore.com & www.greenmountaingarlic.com (G)
Seed garlic providers.
www.garlicfarm.ca & www.rasacreekfarm.com & www.snoetic.ca (G)
Canadian source of seed garlic.
www.richters.com (M) (V)
Canadian company offering medicinal plants and culinary herbs, either live plants or seeds. An excellent resource for the herb garden.
www.companionplants.com (M) (W)
Herbs, medicinals, culinary and dye plants and seeds.
www.yerbabuenanursery.com (B) (M) (W)
A significant percent of California native plants were used medicinally and this provider specializes in them and supplies information on traditional medicinal usage.
Nursery supplying ginseng rootlets for planting as well as bloodroot.
www.rareplantnursery.net (M) (V)
Herb and garden plant nursery. A few vegetable and fruit plants as well.
www.healingspiritplants.com (M)
California-based collection of medicinal plants. They list many rare species not widely available.
Florida-based nursery offering many uncommon subtropical herbs.
www.plantdelights.com (M) (W)
Texas nursery offering a wide variety of unusual plants including medicinal, food, bee pasture etc.
www.arneherbs.co.uk (M) (W)
UK source for over 900 herbs and wildflowers. Unknown if they ship outside the UK.
Massachusetts nursery dedicated to the reservation of at-risk medicinal plants.
Oregon nursery with a range of culinary and medicinal herbs.
www.mountaingardensherbs.com (M) (W)
Herbalists that offer workshops in Chinese herb cultivation, harvesting, processing and use. Grow a wide range of TCM herbs offered as seed and plants. Have a number of herbs unavailable elsewhere in North America.Also offers wild food plant of both the eastern U.S and a collection od ‘sansai’ – traditional wild mountain vegetables of Japan.
www.blackfootnativeplants.com (M) (W)
Montana nursery specializing in plants native to the bioregion including wild food and medicinal species.
www.silverhillseeds.co.za (B) (M) (W)
Seed company in South Africa offering a wide range of S.A natives including wild food and medicinal species. Seed is mainly collected from wild stands. Valuable source of some species unavailable outside Africa.
www.hawaiiantropicalplants.com (M) (Tp)
This Hawaiian nursery has some rare tropical medicinals, including yoco and cultivars of kava.
www.treefrogfarm.com (M) (W)
Pacific Northwest natives nursery including medicinal and wild food species.
www.horizonherbs.com (M) (W)
Since 1985 Richo Cech and his family have been collection growing and using plants on their Oregon farm. They offer a wide range of vegetable, culinary and medicinal seeds, roots and tubers.
www.heritageflowerfarm.com (B) (M)
Wide range of perennials, some with medicinal properties although this may not be noted on the website.
www.forestfarm.com (M) (Tr) (W)
Large wholesale nursery of tree shrub and fruit tree stock.
www.rareplantresearch.com (B) (M) (W)
Offering a selection of mostly tender arid-zone species with a particularly good collection of Burseraceae.
www.richardlyonsnursery.com (Tp)
Nursery offering mainly subtropical and tropical trees and shrubs including some rarities.
www.msknursery.com (B) (M) (Tr) (W)
Wide selection of trees shrubs and perennial including some rarities.
www.nolinnursery.com (O) (Tr)
Nut trees, persimmons, and pawpaws.
www.wagonwheelorchard.com (A) (O)
Offering over 1,000 apple varieties as benchgrafts.
www.justfruitsandexotics.com (O) (W)
Good varietal selection of many unusual fruits.
www.kuffelcreek.com (A) (O)
California nursery offering low-chill apple varieties for mild winter climates.
www.sunscapes.net (B) (M) (W)
Colorado nursery offering mostly drought tolerant perennials.
Baker Creek Seeds is an heirloom vegetable seed company offering a wide range of varieties.
California heirloom seed company offering organic seed for over 1600 varieties of vegetable,grain, herb and cover crop seed.
Heirloom vegetable, herb, grain seeds.
www.seedsofchange.com (M) (V)
Offering vegetable, herb and flower seed.
Maine company offering short-season and greenhouse adapted vegetable seed and berry plants. www.kitazawaseed.com (V)
Seed company offering a wide range of Asian vegetables, especially leafy greens. Lists species that are difficult to find elsewhere; pickling melon, water pepper, perilla, water dropwort, etc.
www.vermontbean.com (V) (G)
Seed company offering heirloom and open-pollinated vegetable seed, garlic and berry plants.
www.noursefarms.com (V) (O)
Since 1932, Nourse farms has been a supplier of cane berry, strawberry, rhubarb and asparagus plants.
www.agroforestry.co.uk (M) (W)
UK based company offering an extensive range of edible and medicinal temperate trees shrubs and perennials.
www.badgersett.com (Tr) (W)
Minnesota nursery and private research organization developing nut trees. Offering chestnuts hazels, hickories and pecans. Bred especially to withstand colder climates.
www.csr-inc.com (M) (W)
Conservation Seeding and Restoration Inc. is a seed company and nursery offering seed mixes and native plant revegetation services for the mountain west. Their species list includes wild food plants and medicinal species.
www.permaculturenursery.com (M) (W)
Offering some unusual edible perennials, including Phaseolus polystachyos, a perennial bean species.
www.onegreenworld.com (M) (O) (W)
Wide selection of edible species for temperate climates.
Gary Nabham’s pioneering organization dedicated to preserving the food plants of Native American cultures in the Sonoran Desert region.
Fruit tree nursery specializing in heirloom fruit varieties.
www.tierramadrefarm.com (A) (O)
Offers a wide range of temperate fruit trees. Has a particularly nice collection of of European pear varieties.
www.oldvaapples.com (A) (O)
Fruit tree nursery with a focus on the heritage apples of Virginia. Many unique varieties.
www.arboreumco.com (A) (O)
California nursery offering many rare and heirloom fruit varieties. One of the only sources of improved cultivars of tecojote (Crataegus mexicana).
Located in Puerto Rico, Montoso Gardens supplies many rare tropical fruit trees and seeds from their collection.
www.organicfarm.net (Tp)
Also in Puerto Rico, Sadhu Govardhan has an extensive collection of tropical fruit and food trees. He sell seeds and plants.
One of the largest collection of banana varieties available for sale. Rooted corms or tissue culture.
www.floridahillnursery.com (M) (Tp)
Located in Orlando Florida, they have an extensive collection of banana and pineapple varieties reproduced via tissue culture. Also other tropical ornamentals and gingers.
www.excaliburfruittrees.com (Tp)
Florida nursery offering a wide selection of tropical and subtropical fruiting plants. Has a good selection of jackfruit varieties.
www.desertsurvivors.org (M) (W)
Southern Arizona native plant nursery. Lists some rare desert edible and medicinal species.
Medicinal herb nursery.
www.australianplants.com (Bb) (W)
Located in Southern California, they offer a range of hard-to-find Australian and South African species for xeriscaping and mediterranean gardens.
www.bamboogarden.com (Bb) (W)
Oregon nursery specializing in bamboo.
www.bamboodirect.com (Bb) (W)
Oregon nursery specializing in bamboo.
www.bamboosourcery.com (Bb) (W)
California nursery specializing in bamboo.
www.walkeravenuenursery.com (Bb) (M) (W)
California nursery specializing in aquatic and bog plants including many edible and medicinal species.
www.raintreenursery.com (Bb) (M) (Tr) (V)
Located in Morton Washington, they offer fruit trees, nut trees, berries, vines, citrus, subtropicals, rootstocks, mushrooms and ornamentals.www.burntridgenursery.com (Bb) (Tr)
Located in the foothills of the Cascade mountains. Specialize in unusual and disease resistant trees, vines, and shrubs that produce edible nuts or fruits. Has Northwest native plants and ornamental and useful landscape trees.
SUMMARY
Through applied permaculture principles and proper stewardship it is possible to turn almost any piece of land into an abundant and thriving forest of food. As part of One Community’s Highest Good of All philosophy, and open source botanical garden model, we will be open source sharing our afforestation/reforestation experience as we create our food forest on the One Community property. This process will continue indefinitely and we will keep on-going records of this transformation through detailed notes and time-lapse videos (covering years of development) that we will add to this page as they are completed.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Q: How do you intend to evolve this page?
Part of One Community’s Highest Good of All philosophy is open source sharing the complete details of what is possible with a food forest. Through our open source botanical garden model we will accession all plants on the property and entering the property and then keep detailed records of:
- Planting guidelines for each plant
- Cultural considerations for each plant
- Which plants do best in each of the different zones
- Harvest numbers and details on how to improve harvest volume
- The visual transformation of the property using carefully planned and maintained time-lapse photography
All of these details will be added and updated on this page indefinitely along with answers to questions raised by visitors to the property and this site.
Q: What if I have a suggestion for that I feel would be valuable to add to this page?
Please submit it to us using our Suggestions Page. There are also always positions open to join our team as either a Consultant or Pioneer.
Q: Why are all the names listed in latin?
Latin names are used first because they are universally accepted with common names following in parenthesis.
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